Concept explainers
Toreview:
The effect of lossfunction mutations in genes;FLC, VIN3, and COLDAIR when, CRISPR-Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated protein 9) technology is applied to the winter annual strain of Arabidopsis thaliana flowering and vernalizationrequirement by the plant.
Introduction:
Vernalization is a phenomenon in which, certain plant species prior to flowering are exposed to cold weather conditions. After the exposure plants acquire the ability to flower when exposed to favorable conditions. This becomes mandatory for certain plant species as it is essential to induce flowering in winter-annuals but not summer-annuals. Vernalization occurs in the tips of the plants that is, apical meristem.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 16 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
- What is the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the production of transgenic plants? a. Genes from A. fume fociens are inserted into plant DNA to give the plant different traits. b. Transgenic plants have been given resistance to the pest A. tumefacaens. c. A. wmefaciens is used as a vector to move genes into plant cells. d. Plant genes are incorporated into the genome of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.arrow_forwardDescribe in general terms the steps involved in creating transgenic plantsarrow_forwardYou identify an auxotroph that doesn't grow in normal medium, but does grow in medium supplemented with Q, indicating that it has a defect in one or more enzymes in this pathway. This auxotroph is also able to grow if you supplement the medium with D. Does this data support the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis? a yes, because only one enzyme is disrupted by the mutation b yes, because only one enzyme in the pathway is functional in the mutant strain c no, because multiple enzymes in the pathway could be functional in the mutant strain d no, because multiple enzymes could be disrupted by the mutationarrow_forward
- To produce transgenic plants, plant tissue is exposed to Agrobacteriumtumefaciens and then grown in media containing kanamycin, carbenicillin, and plant growth hormones. Explain the purpose behind each of these three agents. What would happen if you left out the kanamycin?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is false regarding corn plants that were genetically modified to produce the Cry protein? Group of answer choices You would need to add a corn enhancer to the Ti plasmid Reverse transcription of the Cry mRNA is not needed, as corn plants are eukaryotes The gene necessary for Cry protein synthesis is present in all cells of the corn plant, however, it is not expressed in the endosperm You would need to remove tumor inducing genes from the Ti plasmid You would need to add a eukaryotic promoter, active in corn, to the Ti plasmidarrow_forwardList and explain four loop holes as of March 2020, that do not require the USDA to regulate gene edited plants?arrow_forward
- If a scientist wanted to introduce a transgene into a plant, which of these techniques would they be likely to use? A.) Inject a P element vector into a pollen grain. B.) Inject a genetically modified nucleus into an enucleated plant cell. C.) Inject a transgene into a seed. D.) Infect plant cells with bacteria containing T-DNA.arrow_forwardRNAi was an accidental discovery made by scientists who were trying to enhance the color of in flower. Explain what is meant by RNAi and the role it plays in plant engineering.arrow_forwardPlants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineeringthan are animals because(A) plant genes do not contain introns.(B) more vectors are available for transferring recombinantDNA into plant cells.(C) a somatic plant cell can often give rise to a completeplant.(D) plant cells have larger nucleiarrow_forward
- A paper hypothesizes that white flowers are unable to produce anthocyanins (purple pigments) because they lack a functional “A” protein. However, it is also possible that an unknown gene is responsible for the lack of anthocyanins. Now that they have isolated DNA sequences of the “A” allele, design an experiment to use these DNA sequences to distinguish between these two hypotheses.arrow_forwardHow reliable does the rbcL gene work as a barcode for identifying plant species?arrow_forwardAgrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium that infects a wide range of broad-leaved plants. During infection, a plasmid called Ti is transferred into the plant cells, where that plasmid DNA is integrated into the plant’s genome. Some of the genes encoded by this plasmid are expressed by host cell machinery in the plant cell. These gene products produce plant hormones which stimulate cell division in the infected cells, causing the development of a plant tumor which provides an environment for that bacterium to grow. You are studying a novel isolate of A. tumefaciens and want to determine which of the genes on the Ti plasmid are expressed in the bacterium, and which are expressed in the plant. You start by sequencing the Ti plasmid. a) Considering the DNA sequence of Ti, describe two specific genetic features that would help you to differentiate whether a given gene is likely expressed in the plant or bacterium. b) You collect plant tumor tissue, containing both bacterial and plant…arrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College