Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19.4, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Disruptive selection is a type of natural selection, in which the extreme
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Students have asked these similar questions
At the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown.
What process causes the population to change colors?
artificial selection
natural selection
migration
behavioral isolation
At the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown.
Several white mice from the brown mice population are relocated to a region where it snows more often than their previous habitat. The population of white mice increase in this area where mice did not live before. What evolutionary concept is being illustrated?
Genetic drift
Bottleneck effect
Natural selection
Sympatric speciation
Match the following examples with the type of natural selection they are describing:
.A
Stabilizing selection
B.
Disruptive selection
C.
Directional selection
Natural selection selecting against very high and very low testosterone levels in a population, leading to relatively stable testosterone levels over time
A finch species arriving to an island with only insects and large seeds, with natural selection favoring very thin and very thick beaks, but not medium beaks.
A population of bacteria evolving to have an increasingly higher resistance against antibiotics
A rodent population evolving to a progressively smaller size to enable better thermoregulation
Chapter 19 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.1 - The phrase an organism evolves is incorrect....Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.2 - Explain how geography played a key role in the...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.2 - Homologous traits show similarities because the...Ch. 19.3 - What is the frequency of pink flowers in a...
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Lets suppose the climate on an island abruptly...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19.5 - How does the bottleneck effect undermine the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - How does migration affect the genetic compositions...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.6 - Populations that experience inbreeding may also...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYCh. 19 - An evolutionary change in which a population of...Ch. 19 - Homology occurs because different species occupy...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYCh. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYCh. 19 - The micro-evolutionary factor most sensitive to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 19 - A principle of biology is that populations of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Genetic drift differs from gene flow in that Group of answer choices genetic drift occurs at a steady, but low, rate in all populations while gene flow is largely random event occurring in small populations. genetic drift is most likely to produce a loss of genetic diversity in a population whereas gene flow will often increase genetic diversity in a population. none of these choices adequately describe the difference between genetic drift and gene flow. genetic drift is based on female choice of particular mates but gene flow is largely a product of natural selection.arrow_forwardOf the ways that populations can evolve over time, is the only mechanism in which the environment selects for better adapted individuals whereas selects traits by random chance. genetic drift; natural selection natural selection; genetic drift genetic drift; gene flow gene flow; natural selectionarrow_forwardIn the Grants’ study of the medium ground finch, do you think the pattern of natural selection was directional, stabilizing, disruptive, or balancing? Explain your answer. If the environment remained dry indefinitely (for many years), what do you think would be the long-term outcome?arrow_forward
- Which of the following would be likely to effect the results of the natural selection simulation outside? Check All That Apply color blind student "birds"color blind student "birds" time of day and shadow level of a habitattime of day and shadow level of a habitat student "birds" not wearing their corrective lensesstudent "birds" not wearing their corrective lenses temperatures dropping from 82 F to 67 Ftemperatures dropping from 82 F to 67 F Which of the following statements apply to the process of designating organisms with scientific names? Check All That Apply A name should refer to only one unique entity.A name should refer to only one unique entity. An entity should have only one official name.An entity should have only one official name. Each species is identified with a two-part Latin name.Each species is identified with a two-part Latin name. The first part of a scientific name is the genus, the second part is the specific epiteth.The first…arrow_forwardmagine you find a population that has two distinct morphologies, such as light and dark mice that live on the sand dunes (light) and woodlands (dark) in Florida that we discussed in the very beginning of the semester. What sort of natural selection best explains this phenomenon? Stabilizing Random Disruption Directionalarrow_forwardApplying your knowledge of genetics, natural selection and evolution, how is the positive response to global climate change possible? Please explain using the terms “population” and “gene pool” and the types of natural selection we discussed. Is it possible that these situations can increase the number of species? How?arrow_forward
- There are three modes of natural selection: stabilizing selection, directional selection and diversifying/ disruptive selection. Describe each mode and explain how each mode affects the evolution of a population.arrow_forwardNatural selection occurs when which of the following conditions are met? Individual organisms depend on each other to obtain available resources • Variations between individual organisms lead to differential survival chances Habitat and nutrient resources in an area are plentiful over a long period of time The conditions in an ecosystem support a wide range of living organismsarrow_forwardNatural selection occurs when which of the following conditions are met? Group of answer choices a.Variations between individual organisms lead to differential survival chances. b.The conditions in an ecosystem support a wide range of living organisms c.Individual organisms depend on each other to obtain available resources. d. Habitat and nutrient resources in an area are plentiful over a long period of time.arrow_forward
- There are many inorganic energy sources (potential electron donors) in an animal digestive tract. What kind of selection is most likely to result in the evolution of a wide diversity of bacterial symbionts in the gut? Stabilizing selection Sexual selection Disruptive selection Artificial selection Directional selectionarrow_forwardThe graph shown here is from a natural selection lab in which students "hunt" for candy in different simulated environments. Examine the graph and answer the questions below it. Approximately how many of each candy species were present in generation 1 (round to the nearest 10)? Which candy species was the least able to hide from the predators in Generation 3? Which candy species had the best survival rate throughout the first four generations of the simulation? Does this data support the hypothesis that Snikers were the most fit for the simulated environment? Please answer yes or noarrow_forwardDuring drought years on the Galapagos, small, easily eaten seeds become rare leaving only large, hard-cased seeds that only birds with large beaks can eat. If the drought persists for several years, then what should one expect to result from natural selection? Explain your reasoning based on the postulates of the Darvin natural selection theory.arrow_forward
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