Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 9TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Mutations in a gene can lead to the creation of new alleles and new genes in an individual.
However, a mutated allele does not automatically become prevalent in a population. Mutation
introduces alleles at a very low rate. The benefit of the new allele varies.
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In which of these examples can natural selection act on a trait and cause the population to evolve?
A population that is faced with extinction but has no genetic variation
A population where a lot of individuals have mutations, but none of the mutations relate to fitness
A population with no genetic variation, but where individuals have very high numbers of offspring
A population where a few individuals have mutations that allow them to develop traits for producing more offspring than other individuals
Which of the following statements explains genetic variation? Genetic variation arises ____.
When organisms need to change to survive in a new environment.
From environmental changes that affect organisms.
Through mutation and sexual reproduction.
From traits acquired during the lifetime of an organism.
What is an adaptation in the context of evolution?
A heritable trait that was favored by natural selection. choose one of the following.
A random genetic mutation that causes a new trait in a population.
The ability of an individual to adjust to their environment as it changes..
Chapter 19 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.1 - The phrase an organism evolves is incorrect....Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.2 - Explain how geography played a key role in the...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.2 - Homologous traits show similarities because the...Ch. 19.3 - What is the frequency of pink flowers in a...
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Lets suppose the climate on an island abruptly...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19.5 - How does the bottleneck effect undermine the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - How does migration affect the genetic compositions...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.6 - Populations that experience inbreeding may also...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYCh. 19 - An evolutionary change in which a population of...Ch. 19 - Homology occurs because different species occupy...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYCh. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYCh. 19 - The micro-evolutionary factor most sensitive to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 19 - A principle of biology is that populations of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CBQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following best explains the phrase “survival of the fittest” in terms of evolution by natural selection? The strongest and fastest individuals will always survive and reproduce more often. The individuals that are the healthiest will always get more resources and survive better. Only individuals that have the most mates will survive with limited resources. The individuals that survive better and reproduce more often will pass their traits on more often.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about natural selection? Group of answer choices it acts on individuals it typically does not involve changes in genotype frequencies in a population it involves individuals willfully changing their genotype and/or phenotype in order to become better matched to their environment and leave more offspring it is a random process it involves humans increasing the frequency of desirable traits in a species by selecting which individuals breedarrow_forwardWhich statement is accurate about natural selection? It is a biological process that prevents species from adapting to significant changes in their environments. It is a biological process that leads a population to have a widespread expression of an advantageous trait. It is a biological process that allows a population to have a competitive advantage in many environments. It is a biological process that causes certain traits to be expressed less with each subsequent generation.arrow_forward
- Mutations are the raw material for evolutionary change, without mutations there could be no new variations among members of a population. Group of answer choices True or falsearrow_forwardThe Hardy–Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next, as long as specific conditions are met.Choose Yes or No for the conditions that must be met from the provided statements below. Mutations are exponentially occurring. All members of the population breed. Everyone produces the same number of offspring. The population is infinitely large. There is no migration in or out of the population. No net mutations are occurring. Natural selection of beneficial traits is occurring. Natural selection is not occurring. All mating is completely random. Offspring are able to migrate out of the population.arrow_forwardImagine a population of mice living in a grey, rocky environment. Some mice are grey and some are brown. If natural selection occurs in this population, what would you expect to see if you returned in 100 mouse generations? Describe what you'd see in terms of fur colors in the population. Imagine a population of mice living in a grey, rocky environment. Some mice are grey and some are brown. If mutations occur in this population, what could you see if you returned in 100 mouse generations, that would tell you mutations had occurred? Describe what you'd see in terms of fur colors in the population, and how it would be different from what you'd see in #2.arrow_forward
- What would happen if a mutation created a new allele that decreased fitness? * The new allele would have to change back to an allele of higher fitness so the possessor of that allele could maintain its fitness. The individual with the new allele would wait for an environmental change so that its fitness would increase again No answer The new allele would decrease the fitness of the individual that possessed it, and that individual would have few or no offspring The new allele would spread through the population and decrease the fitness of that populationarrow_forwardIn the modern reckoning of evolution by natural selection, what is the most important feature that allows an allele to be more represented over time in a population? The allele makes the organisim stronger. The allele allows the organisim to produce more breeding offspring. The allele allows the organisim to eat more readily. The allele allows the organsims to escape predators readily.arrow_forwardWhich of the following BEST describes the theory of natural selection? Living organisms change over time. Each species produces many more offspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspring that do survive contain genes that are inherited from the parents. There is variation among the members of a species. Some of this variation is genetically determined and so can be passed on to future generations. Some individuals have genes that increase their chances for survival and reproduction. These individuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes, causing their genes to become more common in the next generation. There is a struggle for existence among the members of a population.arrow_forward
- The offspring of better-adapted individuals are expected to make up a larger proportion of the next generation. Which mechanism of evolution best explains this event? Group of answer choices gene flow and genetic drift mutations and genetic drift mutations and nonrandom mating mutations and natural selectionarrow_forwardEvolution by natural selection is founded on what basic idea? Random genetic mutations that help a species survive will be more likely to be passed to future generations. Only traits that will help an individual organism survive will be passed down to future generations. Only the biggest, strongest, fastest, or smartest creatures survive. Traits that animals acquire over their life will be taught to future generations.arrow_forwardNatural selection is based on all of the following except individuals who survive longer tend to have more offspring than those who die young genetic variation exists within populations Individuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve populations tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support the best adapted individuals tend to reproduce morearrow_forward
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