Chapter 22, Problem 46A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

It has 4 carbon atoms in cyclic form and a ketone group. Thus, the name of the structure will be cyclobutanone.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

It has 4 carbon atoms in the main chain with an aldehyde group at 1^st position.

Thus, the name of the structure will be 1-butanal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

It has 6 carbon atoms in the chain with amide group. Thus, the name of the structure will be hexane-1-amide.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

It has 6 carbon atoms in chain and a carboxylic acid group. Thus, the name of the structure will be hexanoic acid.