Red wine contains flavonol, an antioxidant thought to have beneficial health effects. But to have an effect, the antioxidant must be absorbed into the blood. The article “Red Wine is a Poor Source of Bioavailable Flavonols in Men” (The Journal of Nutrition [2001]: 745–748) describes a study to investigate three sources of dietary flavonol—red wine, yellow onions, and black tea—to determine the effect of source on absorption. The article included the following statement:
We recruited subjects via posters and local newspapers. To ensure that subjects could tolerate the alcohol in the wine, we only allowed men with a consumption of at least seven drinks per week to participate… Throughout the study, the subjects consumed a diet that was low in flavonols.
- a. What are the three treatments in this experiment?
- b. What is the response variable?
- c. What are three extraneous variables that the researchers chose to control in the experiment?
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