Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134603940
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 26, Problem 3AQ
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The innate immune mechanism which helps in activation of inflammation process. Also, explain the reason that the inflammation process subsides as an infection is controlled.
Concept introduction:
Inflammation is a type of nonspecific reactions which is in the response to noxious stimuli such as pathogens and toxins. Inflammation is characterized by various symptoms such as erythema (redness), heat, pain, and swelling. Chemo attractant molecules such as chemokines and cytokines act as mediators of inflammation. Both innate and adaptive type of immune responses is involved in causing inflammation.
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Inflammation is the hallmark of an activated immune response. Explain how inflammation is triggered by both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Are the inflammatory cells the same for both methods of activation? Why does inflammation subside as an infection is controlled?
. Inflammation is the hallmark of an active immune response.Explain how inflammation is triggered by innate immunemechanisms. Why does inflammation subside as aninfection is controlled?
decrease in the number of cytotoxic T cells would affect which type of immunity?
Chapter 26 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (15th Edition)
Ch. 26.1 - What major class of immune cells mediates an...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 26.1 - Compare and contrast the major features of innate...Ch. 26.2 - Describe host tissue specificity for pathogens.Ch. 26.2 - Identify physical and chemical barriers to...Ch. 26.2 - What other factors may control the outcome of an...Ch. 26.2 - Identify at least four mechanisms by which a...Ch. 26.3 - Describe the circulation of a leukocyte from the...Ch. 26.3 - What soluble molecules determine whether a...Ch. 26.3 - Cells involved in innate and adaptive immunity...
Ch. 26.4 - How does the development of B, T, and NK cells...Ch. 26.4 - Distinguish between the primary lymphoid organs...Ch. 26.4 - Leukocytes are differentiated white blood cells...Ch. 26.5 - Although technically not part of the immune...Ch. 26.5 - Describe the mechanisms by which circulating...Ch. 26.5 - Pathogens may colonize host tissues when...Ch. 26.6 - Identify a PAMP shared by a group of...Ch. 26.6 - Outline the general features of a signal...Ch. 26.6 - Innate recognition of common pathogens occurs...Ch. 26.7 - Identify the mechanism used by phagocytes to...Ch. 26.7 - Describe several reasons why phagocytes are not...Ch. 26.7 - Phagocytosis is the engulfing of infectious...Ch. 26.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 26.8 - Identify the major symptoms of localized...Ch. 26.8 - Fever and inflammation, characterized by pain,...Ch. 26.9 - In what ways does the classical pathway of...Ch. 26.9 - What is opsonization, and how does opsonization...Ch. 26.9 - Why are the mannose-binding lectin and alternative...Ch. 26.9 - The complement system is composed of soluble...Ch. 26.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 26.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 26.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 26 - Prob. 1AQCh. 26 - Describe the potential problems that would arise...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3AQCh. 26 - Prob. 4AQ
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- The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Identify the components of cellular immunity, and define their roles in the immune response.arrow_forwardThe Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Compare the general inflammatory response, the complement system, and the specific immune response.arrow_forwardIf a series of genetic mutations prevented some, but not all, of the complement proteins from binding antibodies or pathogens, would the entire complement system be compromised?arrow_forward
- Describe how stress affects immune responses.arrow_forwardThe fact that the body does not normally mount an immune response to the molecules in food is an example of _______ . a. secondary immune response b. immunological memory c. immune tolerance d. passive immunityarrow_forwardWhich characteristic is associated with passive artificial immunity?a. long-term protection duration b. requires several days to develop protection c. immediate protection d. creation of memory in response to antigen exposurearrow_forward
- How would a lack of helper T cells affect the antibody-mediated immune response?arrow_forwardDescribe the function of both T and B memory cells in the immune response. What type of immunity do they provide? direct answer pleasearrow_forwardDescribe when inflammation is good and when it is bad. What are the five hallmarks of inflammation? What is the importance of inflammation in the immune response?arrow_forward
- Contrast cell – mediated immunity with antibody – mediated immunity. Make sure to note: which cells are involved, how they are involved, and the end result of each type of immunity. Why is adaptive immunity called an “antigen-specific response”?arrow_forwardIf an individual failed to develop a thymus because of a genetic defect, what would happen to the immune responses mediated by antibodies and those mediated by cytotoxic T cells? Hint: Think how helper T cells and B cells are functionally related,arrow_forward
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