Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 12P
Summary Introduction
To determine:
Whether the student is correct on the information in the given table, argue against the given idea.
Introduction:
Alleles can be defined as a pair of genes. Genes play an important role in the transfer of genetic material from parents to the offsprings.
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As seen in the photo, Labradors come in three colors-- black, brown and yellow. What is the genetic basis for these different coat colors? One gene produces melanin, a pigment which is deposited in the dog's fur and makes the color dark. With this gene, allele B (black) is dominant to allele b. Only in the case of a recessive homozygote (bb) will the dog's phenotype be brown. The regulatory gene is separate from the melanin gene but it acts as a switch, either turning the melanin gene on or turning it off. Allele E is dominant and allows for the melanin to be deposited in the dog's fur ("on" switch), but if the switch gene is a recessive homozygote, the melanin is blocked ("off" switch) and a yellow dog is the result!
1. Two other Labradors mate and produce puppies. Their genotypes are Bbee and BbEe. What color are each parent and what are the phenotypic rations of their offspring in the F1 Generation? Show your work with a Punnett square.
As seen in the photo, Labradors come in three colors-- black, brown and yellow. What is the genetic basis for these different coat colors? One gene produces melanin, a pigment which is deposited in the dog's fur and makes the color dark. With this gene, allele B (black) is dominant to allele b. Only in the case of a recessive homozygote (bb) will the dog's phenotype be brown. The regulatory gene is separate from the melanin gene but it acts as a switch, either turning the melanin gene on or turning it off. Allele E is dominant and allows for the melanin to be deposited in the dog's fur ("on" switch), but if the switch gene is a recessive homozygote, the melanin is blocked ("off" switch) and a yellow dog is the result!
Review the information on Labrador retrievers above. What are the phenotypic ratios of the F1 generation offspring of two dihybrids? Make sure to match the numbers with coat colors (e.g, which number in the ration goes with which color). Use a Punnett square to…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Ch. 3 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 3 - In four-oclocks, the allele for red flowers is...Ch. 3 - The Aa heterozygous snapdragons in Fig. 3.3 are...Ch. 3 - In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, very...Ch. 3 - A cross between two plants that both have yellow...Ch. 3 - In radishes, color and shape are each controlled...Ch. 3 - A wild legume with white flowers and long pods is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8PCh. 3 - Assuming no involvement of the Bombay phenotype:...Ch. 3 - Several genes in humans in addition to the ABO...
Ch. 3 - Alleles of the gene that determines seed coat...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12PCh. 3 - In a population of rabbits, you find three...Ch. 3 - In clover plants, the pattern on the leaves is...Ch. 3 - Fruit flies with one allele for curly wings Cy and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - In a species of tropical fish, a colorful orange...Ch. 3 - A rooster with a particular comb morphology called...Ch. 3 - A black mare was crossed to a chestnut stallion...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3 - Prob. 21PCh. 3 - a. How could you describe inheritance of flower...Ch. 3 - Explain the difference between epistasis and...Ch. 3 - The dominant allele H reduces the number of body...Ch. 3 - Secretors genotypes SS and Ss secrete their A and...Ch. 3 - Normally, wild violets have yellow petals with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 27PCh. 3 - Three different pure-breeding strains of corn that...Ch. 3 - In mice, the AY allele of the agouti gene is a...Ch. 3 - A student whose hobby was fishing pulled a very...Ch. 3 - Prob. 31PCh. 3 - Prob. 32PCh. 3 - Three genes in fruit flies affect a particular...Ch. 3 - The garden flower Salpiglossis sinuata painted...Ch. 3 - In foxgloves, there are three different petal...Ch. 3 - In a culture of fruit flies, matings between any...Ch. 3 - Suppose that blue flower color in a plant species...Ch. 3 - Prob. 38PCh. 3 - Considering your answers to Problem 38, does the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 40PCh. 3 - Prob. 41PCh. 3 - Familial hypercholesterolemia FH is an inherited...Ch. 3 - You have come into contact with two unrelated...Ch. 3 - Polycystic kidney disease is a dominant trait that...Ch. 3 - Using each of the seven coat color genes discussed...
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- A mutant allele in persons with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) causes death due to a lack of liver receptors for LDL. Susceptible persons have half the normal number of receptors, while other individuals have the normal number of receptors. In a phenotypically normal couple, the man had a female 1 cousin (on his father’s side) who died from FH; the woman had a maternal uncle with FH. a. What is the probability that neither of the couple might be susceptible. b. What is the probability that one of them might be susceptible, but the other is not. c. What is the probability that they will have an FH child if a test discloses that both of them are susceptible.arrow_forwardA mutant allele in persons with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) causes death due to a lack of liver receptors for LDL. Susceptible persons have half the normal number of receptors, while other individuals have the normal number of receptors. In a phenotypically normal couple, the man had a female 1 cousin (on his father’s side) who died from FH; the woman had a maternal uncle with FH. a. Calculate the probability that neither of the couple might be susceptible. b. Calculate the probability that one of them might be susceptible, but the other is not. c. Calculate the probability that they will have an FH child if a test discloses that both of them are susceptible.arrow_forwardIn chickens, a dominant hereditary abnormality (e.g., creepers) causes death when the genotype is homozygous (CC). The recessive condition (cc) at this locus produces a normal phenotype. Another gene locus with co dominant alleles is known to govern feather color such that the genotype FF = black, ff = splashed white, and Ff = blue. Also, a completely dominant gene W produces white skin. Yellow skin is produced by the homozygous genotype ww. QUESTIONS: In CcFfWw x ccffWw, what proportion of the offspring is: b.2 normal, white feathered, white skinned b.3 yellow skinnedarrow_forward
- In 1927, the ophthalmologist George Waaler tested9049 schoolboys in Oslo, Norway, for red-green colorblindness and found 8324 of them to be normal and725 to be color blind. He also tested 9072 schoolgirlsand found 9032 that had normal color vision while40 were color blind.a. Assuming that the same sex-linked recessive allelec causes all forms of red-green color blindness,calculate the allele frequencies of c and C (the allelefor normal vision) from the data for the schoolboys.(Hint: Refer to your answer to Problem 12a.)b. Does Waaler’s sample demonstrate Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium for alleles of this gene? Explain youranswer by describing observations that are eitherconsistent or inconsistent with this hypothesis.On closer analysis of these schoolchildren, Waalerfound that there was actually more than one c allelecausing color blindness in his sample: one kind forthe prot type (cp) and one for the deuter type (cd).(Protanopia and deuteranopia are slightly differentforms of red-green…arrow_forwardIn poultry, two independently assorting genes together determine the structure of the comb. Thus, when R is the only dominant allele present, the fowl possesses a rose comb; when P is only dominant allele present, a ‘pea’ comb is produced; when both dominants are present, a ‘walnut’ comb is produced; when only the recessive alleles are present, a ‘single’ comb is obtained. (a) What are the possible genotypes of all the phenotypes obtainable? Determine the genotype of the parent birds in the following crosses: (b) Rose x walnut produced 3/8 walnut, 3/8 rose, 1/8 rose, 1/8 pea and 1/8 single offspring. (c) Walnut x single produced ¼ walnut and ¼ pea, ¼ rose and ¼ single offspring (d) Rose x pea produced 6 walnut and 5 rose offspring.arrow_forwardIn aliens, the genes A, B, C, D and E are dominant to their respective alleles a, b, c, d and e: A = one eye a = two eyes B = pointed ears b = round ears C = red skin c = green skin D = two antennae d = three antennae E = square head e = triangular head An alien with genotype AA bb Cc dd Ee marries an alien with genotype Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee. If the genes segregate independently, what is the probability that they will have a child with one eye, pointed ears, red skin, three antennae and a triangular head? A. 9/512 B. 9/128 C. 27/1024 D. 3/64arrow_forward
- Let's continue with these two genes that control the color and texture of tomatoes. Allele "R" generates a red coloration, and is dominant. Allele "r" generates a green coloration and is recessive. Allele "S" generates a smooth texture, and is dominant. Allele "s" generates a rough texture and is recessive. You now decide to cross your dihybrid RrSs but this one with a tomato with Rrss. RrSs x Rrss What is the probability of getting Red tomatoes with Rough texture in this new cross? Assume complete dominance and 100% penetrance and expressivity. 9/16 3/8 1/4 1/16 3/16 1/8 x 1/2arrow_forwardLet's continue with these two genes that control the color and texture of tomatoes. Allele "R" generates a red coloration, and is dominant. Allele "r" generates a green coloration and is recessive. Allele "S" generates a smooth texture, and is dominant. Allele "s" generates a rough texture and is recessive. You now decide to cross your dihybrid RrSs but this one with a tomato with Rrss. RrSs x Rrss What is the probability of getting Red tomatoes with Rough texture in this new cross? Assume complete dominance and 100% penetrance and expressivity. O O O O 1/8 3/16 9/16 3/8 1/16 1/4 1/2arrow_forwardIn the yawncat (a rare hypothetical animal), the dominant allele R causes solid tail color, and the recessive allele r results in white spots on a colored background. The black coat color allele B is dominant to the brown allele b, but the B and b alleles can only be expressed if the animal has an mm genotype at a third gene locus. Animals that are M_ are yellow regardless of which allele from the B locus is present. A mating between a solid yellow-tailed male yawncat and a solid brown-tailed female yawncat produces 16 offspring with the following tail phenotypes: six solid yellow, two spotted yellow, three solid black, one spotted black, three solid brown, and one spotted brown. What is the probability of the next offspring from these same two parents having a spotted brown tail? O A. 1/16 B. 9/16 С. 3/16 D. 1/2 O E. 1/4arrow_forward
- Bronze coloured turkey is controlled by a dominant allele, B. Red coloured turkey is homozygous for a recessive allele bb. Dominant gene N produce normal feather and recessive genotype produce ‘hairy’ feather nn. In a cross between homozygous bronzed coloured turkey with ‘hairy’ feather and homozygous red coloured turkey with normal feather. What are the ratios of F2 progeny with Bbnn genotypes? (I want to check if what i'm doing is correct)arrow_forwardIn a certain plant, leaf size is determined by fourgenes whose alleles assort independently and actadditively. Thus, alleles A, B, C, and D each add4 cm to leaf length and alleles A′, B′, C′, andD′ each add 2 cm to leaf length. Therefore,an AA BB CC DD plant has leaves 32 cm longand an A′A′ B′B′ C′C′ D′D′ plant has leaves16 cm long.a. If true-breeding plants with leaves 32 cm longare crossed to true-breeding plants with leaves16 cm long, the F1 will have leaves 24 cm longand the genotype AA′ BB′ CC′ DD′. Listall possible leaf lengths and their expectedfrequencies in the F2 generation produced fromthese F1 plants.arrow_forwardraccoons may have wide, medium-sized, or narrow bands around their tails. They may also havethe habit of washing all, or some of their food, or do not wash their food at all. a) assign genotypes to the phenotypes mentioned (see attached table) b. What mode of inheritance would most likely be exhibited by these traits if crosses were made? c. If two raccoons with medium-sized tail bands and have the habit of washing some of theirfoods will be crossed, what is the probability of having F1 raccoons with: c.1 wide tail bands that won’t wash any of their food? c.2 the same genotype as the parent raccoons? d. If a raccoon with a wide tail band that washes only some of its food is crossed with a raccoonwith a narrow tail band that doesn’t wash any food, what percentage of their offspring wouldbe medium-tailed and washes all its food? Show COMPLETE cross.arrow_forward
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