Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 31, Problem 52P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The tissue specificity of eIF2 mutation should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Vanishing white matter is a leukoencephalopathy that affects the white matter of the brain and the spinal cord. White matter consists of nerve fibers covered with a myelin sheath. Myelin sheath is made up of fatty acids, whose function is to insulate and protect the nerve fibers.
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Chapter 31 Solutions
Biochemistry
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If the coding region of a gene (the exons) contains 2,100 base pairs of DNA, would a missense mutation cause a protein to be shorter, longer, or the same length as the normal 700 amino acid proteins? What would be the effect of a nonsense mutation? A sense mutation?arrow_forwardTwo types of mutations discussed in this chapter are (1) nucleotide changes and (2) unstable genome regions that undergo dynamic changes. Describe each type of mutation.arrow_forwardAlthough it is well known that X-rays cause mutations, they are routinely used to diagnose medical problems, including potential tumors, broken bones, and dental cavities. Why is this done? What precautions need to be taken?arrow_forward
- Name one type of gene that leads to cancer when it is mutated.arrow_forwardIn the replica plate experiment, it shows that mutations are random. However, certain environmental stresses (such as high temperature, high salt, and low pH) can increase the mutation rate. QUESTIONS: Does this indicate that mutations are nonrandom, since they increase in response to cell stressors?arrow_forwardWhy can it be said that transcription of thebacteriophage T7 genome requires two enzymes?arrow_forward
- Mutations that introduce stop codons cause a number of genetic diseases. For example, from 2% to 5% of the people who have cystic fibrosis possess a mutation that causes a premature stop codon in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This premature stop codon produces a truncated form of CFTR that is nonfunctional and results in the symptoms of cystic fibrosis. One possible way to treat people with genetic diseases caused by these types of mutations is to trick the ribosome into reading through the stop codon, inserting an amino acid in its place. Although the protein produced may have one altered amino acid, it is more likely to be at least partly functional than is the truncated protein produced when the ribosome stalls at the stop codon. Indeed, geneticists have conducted clinical trials of a drug called PTC124 on people with cystic fibrosis. This drug interferes with the ribosome’s ability to correctly read stop codons (C. Ainsworth.…arrow_forwardWhy will a mistake in the RNA code alone not become a mutation?arrow_forwardA nonsense mutation is a mutation that creates a premature stop codon in the protein sequence. Based on our previous discussions on mutations and how they alter protein-coding sequences, explain how a nonsense mutation can lead to disease onset.arrow_forward
- A eukaryotic cell has a mutation where the enzyme responsible for creating the 5’ cap for the mRNA is non-functional. Please describe the effect this mutation would have on the cell.arrow_forwardA strain of bacteria possesses a temperature-sensitive mutation in the gene that encodes the rho subunit. At high temperatures, rho is not functional. When these bacteria are raised at elevated temperatures, which of the following effects would you expect to see? Explain your reasoning for accepting or rejecting each of these five options. a. Transcription does not take place. b. All RNA molecules are shorter than normal. c. All RNA molecules are longer than normal. d. Some RNA molecules are longer than normal. e. RNA is copied from both DNA strands.arrow_forwardWhat common mutation occurs in many human cancers? Explain how it can have this effect.arrow_forward
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