Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 4, Problem 41SA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason why the third law of
Introduction:
The law of thermodynamics rules mostly all the chemical processes in organisms. The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy in the system cannot be created or destroyed, that is, energy isconstant and conserved. The second law asserts that some of the energy will be lost at the end of the process.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- Enzymes are biological catalysts that fulfill the following general reaction mechanism: E+S [ES] [EP] E + P Where E is enzyme, S is substrate, and P is product. Briefly describe how an enzyme is able to speed of the rate of a reaction:arrow_forwardLabel the following statements true or false: (c) A nonspontaneous reaction will proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction. (d) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy.arrow_forwardList three effects of macromolecular crowding on the properties of enzymes and the reactions they catalyze.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are true for BOTH the "transition state" and an "intermediate" of reaction? (This is a multi-select question, select all that apply.). Both are only observed in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Both can be converted to product(s) or might decompose back to the reactant(s). Neither are part of the "net equation" for the reaction. Both contain covalent bonds are in the process of breaking and/or forming. Both are part of every chemical reaction. (i.e. the mechanisms of all chemical reactions, whether enzyme catalyzed or not, will have involve both a transition state and an intermediate).arrow_forwardDefine potential energy and kinetic energy and provide two specific examples of each. Explain how one form of energy can be converted into another. Will some energy be lost during this conversion? If so, what form will it take?arrow_forwardConsider a reaction with the following thermodynamic properties. AH° 77.7 kJ AS° -35.7 J/(K⚫ mol) AG 88.4 kJ This reaction: has bonds in the products that are weaker than the reactants. may have fewer and more complicated molecules in the product. will proceed very slowly. will be spontaneous at low temperatures. Submitarrow_forward
- Can the thermodynamic property Δ G° be used to predict the speed of a reaction in a living organism? Why or why not?arrow_forwardBalance each of the following redox reactions occurring in acidic solution. Part A VO2 (aq) +ClO2 (aq) →VO2+(aq) + ClO2(g) Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer. = ΑΣΦ ? A chemical reaction does not occur for this question. You have already submitted this answer. Enter a new answer. No credit lost. Try again.arrow_forwardReactions taking place in dilute solution obey the rules ofsimple reaction kinetics because their rates depend on diffusion. How does this approach relate to investigations of enzymes in living cells?arrow_forward
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