Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 16P
Figure 5.7a on p. 134 shows chromosomes during prophase of meiosis I in a mouse primary spermatocyte.
| a. | How would you know immediately that this figure shows male meiosis in a mouse and not in a human? (Hint: In mice, n = 20.) |
| b. | Are most mouse chromosomes metacentric or acrocentric? Explain. |
| c. | How many chromatids in total are represented in Fig. 5.7a? |
| d. | Where is the X-Y bivalent in Fig. 5.7a? (Note: Mouse sex chromosomes have only a single pseudoautosomal region, instead of two as in humans.) Diagram this bivalent, showing the X and Y chromosomes, the locations of the centromeres of these chromosomes, and the pseudoautosomal region |
| e. | Explain the importance of the pseudoautosomal region(s) of the sex chromosomes of mammals for ensuring proper sex chromosome segregation during meiosis. |
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Students have asked these similar questions
Consider a diploid organism in which the somatic cell chromosome number is 42. Assume cytokinesis to occur in mid telophase.
A. How many chromosomes at the close of telophase of mitosis?
B. How many chromosomes are expected at metaphase II of meiosis?
If a diploid organism has 14 chromosomes (2n=14)
a. How many chromosomes will its gametes have?
b. After meiosis I during gamete formation, how many chromosomes are in each daughter cell?
c. After meiosis I during gamete formation, how many chromatids are in each daughter cell?
Consider the following two meiocytes in metaphase I, with crossover positions as indicated for cell A. Solid black lines indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue
chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal chromosomes.
F
G N
R
A
B
D
e
g
a
B d
E
Cell A
Cell B
i) How many chromosomes and chromatids were present in cell A during the G1 phase? Please clearly specify chromosomes and chromatids in your answer.
ii) For cell A, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may ignore
independent assortment.
iii) For cell B, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell given independent assortment. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of
brackets. You may assume that no crossing over would take place.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Ch. 5 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 5 - a. A Drosophila male from a true-breeding stock...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3PCh. 5 - The Punnett square in Fig. 5.4 on p. 131 shows how...Ch. 5 - In mice, the dominant allele Gs of the X-linked...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, males from a true-breeding stock...Ch. 5 - If the a and b loci are 20 m.u. apart in humans...Ch. 5 - CCDD and ccdd individuals were crossed to each...Ch. 5 - In mice, the autosomal locus coding for the...Ch. 5 - In a particular human family, John and his mother...
Ch. 5 - Albino rabbits lacking pigment are homozygous for...Ch. 5 - In corn, the allele A allows the deposition of...Ch. 5 - If the a and b loci are 40 cM apart and an AA BB...Ch. 5 - Write the number of different kinds of phenotypes,...Ch. 5 - A DNA variant has been found linked to a rare...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.7a on p. 134 shows chromosomes during...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.7b shows bivalents in mouse primary...Ch. 5 - Cinnabar eyes cn and reduced bristles rd are...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, the autosomal recessive dp allele...Ch. 5 - From a series of two-point crosses, the following...Ch. 5 - Map distances were determined for four different...Ch. 5 - In the tubular flowers of foxgloves, wild-type...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, the recessive allele mb of one gene...Ch. 5 - A snapdragon with pink petals, black anthers, and...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, three autosomal genes have the...Ch. 5 - Drosophila females heterozygous for each of three...Ch. 5 - Male Drosophila expressing the autosomal recessive...Ch. 5 - a. In Drosophila, crosses between F1 heterozygotes...Ch. 5 - A true-breeding strain of Virginia tobacco has...Ch. 5 - Prob. 30PCh. 5 - The following list of four Drosophila mutations...Ch. 5 - Do the data that Mendel obtained fit his...Ch. 5 - Two genes control color in corn snakes as follows:...Ch. 5 - A mouse from a true-breeding population with...Ch. 5 - Neurospora of genotype a c are crossed with...Ch. 5 - A cross was performed between one haploid strain...Ch. 5 - A cross was performed between a yeast strain that...Ch. 5 - Two crosses were made in Neurospora involving the...Ch. 5 - Indicate the percentage of tetrads that would have...Ch. 5 - Prob. 42PCh. 5 - Prob. 43PCh. 5 - Prob. 44PCh. 5 - a. In ordered tetrad analysis, what is the maximum...Ch. 5 - A research group has selected three independent...Ch. 5 - A single yeast cell placed on a solid agar will...Ch. 5 - Prob. 48PCh. 5 - In Drosophila, the yellow y gene is near the end...Ch. 5 - Neurofibromas are tumors of the skin that can...Ch. 5 - Two important methods for understanding the...
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- Consider the following two meiocytes in metaphase I, with crossover positions as indicated for cell A. Solid black lines indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal chromosomes. G N D t d Cell A Cell B i) How many chromosomes and chromatids were present in cell A during the G1 phase? Please clearly specify chromosomes and chromatids in your answer. ii) For cell A, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may ignore independent assortment. iii) For cell B, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell given crossing over. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may assume that no crossing over would take place.arrow_forwardIn a turtle species, a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle contains 22 picograms of DNA (picogram is a measure of the total mass of the DNA present). How much DNA is present in a cell of the same species at prophase II of meiosis (prophase of the second meiotic division)?arrow_forwarda. Manually, using a pencil, draw a cell in anaphase II from an organism in which 2n = 2 and each chromosome is metacentric. b. Given that each G1 nucleus from this organism contains 16 picograms of DNA, how many picograms of chromosomal DNA would you expect in the cell shown here?arrow_forward
- The somatic cells of most individuals with Down syndrome contain an extra chromosome 21, for a total of forty-seven chromosomes. a. At which stage(s) of meiosis could nondisjunction alter the chromosome number? b. A few individuals with Down syndrome have forty-six chromosomes: two normal-appearing chromosomes 21, and a longer-than-normal chromosome 14. Speculate on how this chromosome abnormality may arise.arrow_forwardConsider the following two meiocytes in metaphase I, with crossover positions as indicated for cell A. Solid black lines indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal chromosomes. i) How many chromosomes and chromatids were present in cell A during the G1 phase? Please clearly specify chromosomes and chromatids in your answer. ii) For cell A, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may ignore independent assortment.iii) For cell B, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell given crossing over. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may assume that no crossing over would take place.arrow_forwardDuring metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is , or .For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is , or . In an organism with a haploid number of , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes? Select one: a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384arrow_forward
- A recently discovered bird species was found to have 29 chromosomes in its somatic cells before S phase. a. How many chromosomes (2n) are present in a somatic cell during mitosis? b. How many chromosomes does a bird receive from one parent? c. How many sister chromatids are present during metaphase 2? d. Assuming this species follows the same XX/XY sex differentiation as mammals, how many sex chromosomes are in an unfertilized egg?arrow_forwardAn individual heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation possesses the following chromosomes: A B • C D E F G A B • C D V W X R S • T U E F G R S • T U V W X a. Draw the pairing arrangement of these chromosomes in prophase I of meiosis. b. Diagram the alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregation patterns in anaphase I of meiosis. c. Give the products that result from alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregation.arrow_forwardAn organism has a diploid number of 20 in a primary oocyte. a. How many tetrads are present in the meiotic prophase l? b. How many dyads are present in the meiotic prophase II ? c. How many monads migrate to each pole during meiotic anaphase II ?arrow_forward
- The garden pea (Pisum sativum) is normally a diploid and has 7 chromosomes in one set (in other words, n = 7). Use this information to answer the following questions: a. How many centromeres would be in a cell of a tetraploid pea plant? ______ b. How many total chromatids would be in a cell of a tetraploid pea plant in metaphase of mitosis? _______ c. How many total chromosomes would be in a cell of a pea plant that is monosomic for a single chromosome?arrow_forwarda. What phase of Meiosis II is the cell in? How do you know? b. Assuming all of the chromosomes present during Meiosis II are shown in the figure above, how many chromosomes (counting homologous pairs as two chromosomes) does a gamete from this organism have? c. Draw the same cell during the same phase of Meiosis I. Label the elements.arrow_forwardThe cat has a diploid number 2n=38, describe the alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase plate during each phase below and indicate the number of chromosome structures aligned for each phase (single or synapsed structures). In other words, determine the number of structures present at the equatorial plate during metaphase and explain each configuration (the chromosome and chromatid arrangements) composition of each chromatid and if crossing over occurs. a. Mitosis b. Meiosis I c. Meiosis IIarrow_forward
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