Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: The positions that cannot tolerate substitutions in the given residues of myoglobin in different organisms.
Concept introduction: If the mutation that exchanges one base for another with a small change in the protein produced is called substitution. Amino acid substitutions in which amino acid residue replacement occurs with another amino acid of similar properties are known as conserved amino acid substitutions. If the amino acid residue is replaced by another residue with similar steric conformation without sharing similar chemical properties, then it is called semi-conserved amino acid.
The given information:
Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Human | D | I | P | G | H | G | Q | E | V | L |
Chicken | D | I | A | G | H | G | H | E | V | L |
Alligator | K | L | P | E | H | G | H | E | V | I |
Turtle | D | L | S | A | H | G | Q | E | V | I |
Tuna | D | Y | T | T | M | G | G | L | V | L |
Carp | D | F | E | G | T | G | G | E | V | L |
(b)
To determine: The positions that can tolerate conservative substitutions in the given residues of myoglobin in different organisms.
Concept introduction: Amino acid substitutions in which amino acid residue replacement occurs with another amino acid of similar properties are known as conserved amino acid substitutions. If the amino acid residue is replaced by another residue with similar steric conformation without sharing similar chemical properties, then it is called semi-conserved amino acid.
Given:
Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Human | D | I | P | G | H | G | Q | E | V | L |
Chicken | D | I | A | G | H | G | H | E | V | L |
Alligator | K | L | P | E | H | G | H | E | V | I |
Turtle | D | L | S | A | H | G | Q | E | V | I |
Tuna | D | Y | T | T | M | G | G | L | V | L |
Carp | D | F | E | G | T | G | G | E | V | L |
(c)
To determine: The positions that highly variable in the given residues of myoglobin in different organisms.
Concept introduction: Amino acid substitutions in which amino acid residue replacement occurs with another amino acid of similar properties are known as conserved amino acid substitutions. If the amino acid residue is replaced by another residue with similar steric conformation without sharing similar chemical properties, then it is called semi-conserved amino acid.
Given:
Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Human | D | I | P | G | H | G | Q | E | V | L |
Chicken | D | I | A | G | H | G | H | E | V | L |
Alligator | K | L | P | E | H | G | H | E | V | I |
Turtle | D | L | S | A | H | G | Q | E | V | I |
Tuna | D | Y | T | T | M | G | G | L | V | L |
Carp | D | F | E | G | T | G | G | E | V | L |
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