Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 35P
Do the data that Mendel obtained fit his hypotheses? For example, Mendel obtained 315 yellow round, 101 yellow wrinkled, 108 green round, and 32 green wrinkled seeds from the selfing of Yy Rr individuals (a total of 556). His hypotheses of segregation and independent assortment predict a 9:3:3:1 ratio in this case. Use the chi-square test to determine whether Mendel’s data are significantly different from what he predicted. (The chi-square test did not exist in Mendel’s day, so he was not able to test his own data for goodness of fit to his hypotheses.)
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Mendel knew that some traits could be closely associated. Mendel said that those traits were essentially the same trait. Could Mendel be including traits that were very closely linked or that were due to the same genetic factor? Did he need to distinguish between these two possibilities in order to reject them as evidence for his Law of Independent Assortment? Why or why not?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 5 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 5 - a. A Drosophila male from a true-breeding stock...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3PCh. 5 - The Punnett square in Fig. 5.4 shows how Mendels...Ch. 5 - In mice, the dominant allele Gs of the X-linked...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, males from a true-breeding stock...Ch. 5 - If the a and b loci are 20 m.u. apart in humans...Ch. 5 - CCDD and ccdd individuals were crossed to each...Ch. 5 - In mice, the autosomal locus coding for the...Ch. 5 - In a particular human family, John and his mother...
Ch. 5 - Albino rabbits lacking pigment are homozygous for...Ch. 5 - In corn, the allele A allows the deposition of...Ch. 5 - If the a and b loci are 40 cM apart and an AA BB...Ch. 5 - Write the number of different kinds of phenotypes,...Ch. 5 - A DNA variant has been found linked to a rare...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.7a shows chromosomes during prophase of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.7b shows bivalents in mouse primary...Ch. 5 - Cinnabar eyes cn and reduced bristles rd are...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, the autosomal recessive dp allele...Ch. 5 - From a series of two-point crosses, the following...Ch. 5 - Map distances were determined for four different...Ch. 5 - In the tubular flowers of foxgloves, wild-type...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, the recessive allele mb of one gene...Ch. 5 - A snapdragon with pink petals, black anthers, and...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, three autosomal genes have the...Ch. 5 - Drosophila females heterozygous for each of three...Ch. 5 - Male Drosophila expressing the autosomal recessive...Ch. 5 - a. In Drosophila, crosses between F1 heterozygotes...Ch. 5 - A true-breeding strain of Virginia tobacco has...Ch. 5 - Prob. 30PCh. 5 - The following list of four Drosophila mutations...Ch. 5 - Do the data that Mendel obtained fit his...Ch. 5 - Two genes control color in corn snakes as follows:...Ch. 5 - A mouse from a true-breeding population with...Ch. 5 - Neurospora of genotype a c are crossed with...Ch. 5 - A cross was performed between one haploid strain...Ch. 5 - Prob. 40PCh. 5 - Prob. 41PCh. 5 - Indicate the percentage of tetrads that would have...Ch. 5 - Prob. 43PCh. 5 - This problem leads you through the derivation of a...Ch. 5 - a. In ordered tetrad analysis, what is the maximum...Ch. 5 - Prob. 46PCh. 5 - A single yeast cell placed on a solid agar will...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.29 shows mitotic recombination leading to...Ch. 5 - A diploid strain of yeast has a wild-type...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, the yellow y gene is near the...Ch. 5 - Neurofibromas are tumors of the skin that can...Ch. 5 - Two important methods for understanding the...
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- shown are the F2 results of two Mendel's monohybrid crosses. Mendel crossed 2 heterozygote parents. If he were to expect segregation to happen normally, do the results match his expectations? state a null hypothesis that you will test using chi-square analysis. Calculate the chi-square value and determine the p value for both crosses a. Full pods: 882; constricted pods: 299 (full pods are dominant over constricted) b. violet flowers: 705; white flowers: 500 (violet dominant over white)arrow_forwardIn Mendel's experiments, he obtained the following results: Which phenotypes can be said to be dominant?arrow_forwardIn Mendel’s 1866 publication as shown in Figure 1-4, he reports 705 purple-flowered (violet) offspring and 224 white-flowered offspring. The ratio he obtained is 3.15:1 for purple: white. How do you think he explained the fact that the ratio is not exactly 3:1?arrow_forward
- As you know Mendel’s main contribution to genetics was his proposing a model of particulate inheritance. This discovery contradicted the widely held belief that blending inheritance was the true theory that explained hereditary traits. One advantage that Mendel had in choosing garden peas (Pisum sativum) was that he could either allow the pea flowers on a plant to self-pollinate or he could deliberately cross-pollinate the flowers. For his single locus crosses of pure-breeding lines, he would take the F2 offspring of the dominant phenotype (such as yellow seeds) and ensure that each yellow-seeded plant would self-pollinate. He was able to show that 1/3 of all the yellow-seeded plants in this generation bred true while the other 2/3 of the yellow seeded plants showed segregation. Do you believe that this extra experiment gave additional important evidence for the particulate theory of inheritance or did the offspring from the F1 x F1 cross provide enough evidence of Mendel’s First Law?…arrow_forwardHow was Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment demonstrated by the dihybrid cross he performed with peas?A) The yellow peas always occurred with the round trait in the F2 generation.B) All four phenotype combinations occurred in the F2 generation.C) Yellow was dominant over green, and round was dominant over wrinkled peas.D) Two distinct phenotypes were seen in the F2 generation.E) Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment was not demonstrated by his dihybrid cross, but was demonstrated by his monohybrid cross.arrow_forwardWhat could be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios for a typical mendelian trait showed in the picture?arrow_forward
- If the chi-square value came out to 14,224.221 and the p-value was said to be less than 0.01, what do you conclude about whether these traits follow a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIn Mendel’s 1866 publication as shown in Figure 1-4,he reports 705 purple-flowered (violet) offspring and224 white-flowered offspring. The ratio he obtained is3.15:1 for purple: white. How do you think he explainedthe fact that the ratio is not exactly 3:1?arrow_forwardGive two assumptions for the Mendelian Inheritance for Segregation and Independent Assortment experiments acceptable.arrow_forward
- Suppose that a Mendel's dihybrid cross between two double heterogotes (AaBb x AaBb) gave you the phenotypic ratio of 15:1, assuming that the dominant allele is completely dominant over the recessive allele. Which of the following is CORRECT? A. The A_B_ and aabb have the same phenotype. (_ means either the dominant allele or recessive allele) B. The aaB_ and aabb have the same phenotype. (_ means either the dominant allele or recessive allele) C. The aaB_ and A_bb have the same phenotype. (_ means either the dominant allele or recessive allele) D. All of the above.arrow_forwardMendel wondered if the separation of alleles on one gene had any effect on the separation of alleles on another. To test this, Mendel looked at plants that were pure breeding for two traits at once—he crossed plants that were pure breeding for two traits with plants that were pure breeding for the opposite forms of the same traits. In conducting and analyzing those crosses, Mendel was able to discover predictable patterns and ratios in the phenotypes of the F1 and F2 offspring. Problem (Purpose) In this lab, you will explore mouse coat colour and eye colour as two separate genetic traits. Procedure Use the following information to answer the analysis questions. Black fur is dominant so the offspring must inherit one “F” allele to be black. White fur is recessive so the offspring must inherit two “f” alleles to be white. Black eyes are dominant so the offspring must inherit one “E” allele to be black eyed. Red eyes are recessive so the offspring must inherit two “e” alleles to…arrow_forwardDiscuss how Mendel’s monohybrid results served as the basis for all but one of his postulates. Which postulate was not based on these results? Why?arrow_forward
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