(a)
Interpretation:
The electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites in the given elementary steps are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
An atom with partial or full negative charge is an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is an electron-poor site. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.
(b)
Interpretation:
In each of the given elementary steps, the appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich site to the electron-poor site to show the flow of electrons from the electron-rich site to the electron-poor site. The first curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of the negatively charged atom of the electron-rich site to the less electronegative atom of the electron-poor site. The second curved arrow is drawn from the region between the less electronegative atom and more electronegative atom towards the more electronegative atom, indicating the breaking of the bond.
(c)
Interpretation:
The names of each elementary step are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
In the bimolecular substitution reaction
An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from the electron-poor site to the electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step.
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY SMARTWORK5 - ACCESS
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