Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The curved arrow notation is to be shown for the proton transfer reaction between
Concept introduction:
Curved arrow notation is introduced as a means for keeping track of valence electrons in the elementary step of a proton transfer reaction. In the elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In general, group
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY SMARTWORK5 - ACCESS
- Construct an explanation for why sulfuric acid is such a strong acid. (Note that sulfur is in thethird row of the periodic table and can have more than eight electrons.)arrow_forwardIncorrect Your answer is wrong. Please read the Explanation for more help. Highlight in red each acidic location on the organic molecule at left. Highlight in blue each basic location on the organic molecule at right. Note for advanced students: we mean acidic or basic in the Brønsted-Lowry sense only. ㅃarrow_forwardUse curved arrows to show the most likely acid-base reaction between phenol and NaOH. a. Use pKa data to mark each curved arrow with a positive or negative energy change in pKa ,units. b. Calculate H for this reaction, and sketch an energy diagram showing H as an arrow onyour diagram.arrow_forward
- For each molecule below, draw the conjugate acid or conjugate base or both if the molecule hasboth a conjugate acid and a conjugate base (e.g., water).arrow_forwardSummarize the relationship between pKa and acid strength by completing the following sentences: a. The higher the pKa of an acid, the stronger or weaker the acid. b. The lower the pKa of an acid, the stronger or weaker the acid.arrow_forwardComplete the equation for the reaction between each Lewis acid-base pair. In each equation, label which starting material is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base; use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in each reaction. In doing this problem, it is essential that you show valence electrons for all atoms participating in each reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward
- Consider the following bases: a. For each base above, circle the atom/atoms with the highest PE (will release the most P.E.when a lone pair on this atom combines with an H+ ) b. Rank the bases 1 (highest P.E./strongest base) to 7 (lowest PE/weakest base), and explainyour reasoning.arrow_forwardClassify each reaction as either a proton transfer reaction, or a reaction of a nucleophile with an electrophile. Use curved arrows to show how the electron pairs move.arrow_forwardHighlight in red each acidic location on the organic molecule at left. Highlight in blue each basic location on the organic molecule at right. Note for advanced students: we mean acidic or basic in the Brønsted-Lowry sense only. OH OH Xarrow_forward
- Kindly answer this question a, b ,carrow_forwardHighlight in red each acidic location on the organic molecule at left. Highlight in blue each basic location on the organic molecule at right. Note for advanced students: we mean acidic or basic in the Brønsted-Lowry sense only. HO SH HO SH X Sarrow_forwardA proton transfer reaction can occur when an aldehyde is placed in strong base, such as an alkoxide ion, producing an alcohol and a charged conjugate base that is resonance stabilized. In the left box, draw the curved arrows for the proton transfer. In the middle and right boxes, draw the two structures for the resonance-stabilized product as noted in the box-specific directions. Be sure to include all lone pairs and nonzero formal charges.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning