Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN: 9781337793612

Author: PECK, Roxy.

Publisher: Cengage Learning,

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Textbook Question

Chapter 11.4, Problem 60E

The paper “The Psychological Consequences of Money” (Science [2006]: 1154–1156) describes several experiments designed to investigate the way in which money can change behavior. In one experiment, participants completed one of two versions of a task in which they were given lists of five words and were asked to rearrange four of the words to create a sensible phrase. For one group, half of the 30 unscrambled phrases related to money, whereas the other half were phrases that were unrelated to money. For the second group (the control group), none of the 30 unscrambled phrases related to money. Participants were 44 students at Florida State University.

Participants received course credit and $2 for their participation. The following description of the experiment is from the paper:

Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions, in which they descrambled phrases that primed money or neutral concepts. Then participants completed some filler questionnaires, after which the experimenter told them that the experiment was finished and gave them a false debriefing. This step was done so that participants would not connect the donation opportunity to the experiment. As the experimenter exited the room, she mentioned that the lab was taking donations for the University Student Fund and that there was a box by the door if the participant wished to donate. Amount of money donated was the measure of helping. We found that participants primed with money donated significantly less money to the student fund than participants not primed with money [t(38) = 2.13, P< 0.05].

The paper also gave the following information on amount donated for the two experimental groups.

Chapter 11.4, Problem 60E, The paper The Psychological Consequences of Money (Science [2006]: 11541156) describes several

a. Explain why the random assignment of participants to experimental groups is important in this experiment.
b. Use the given information to verify the values of the test statistic and degrees of freedom (38, given in parentheses just after the t in the quote from the paper) and the statement about the P-value. Assume that both sample sizes are 22.
c. Do you think that use of the two-sample t test was appropriate in this situation? Hint: Are the assumptions required for the two-sample t test reasonable?

Features Features Normal distribution is characterized by two parameters, mean (µ) and standard deviation (σ). When graphed, the mean represents the center of the bell curve and the graph is perfectly symmetric about the center. The mean, median, and mode are all equal for a normal distribution. The standard deviation measures the data's spread from the center. The higher the standard deviation, the more the data is spread out and the flatter the bell curve looks. Variance is another commonly used measure of the spread of the distribution and is equal to the square of the standard deviation.

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Chapter 11.3, Problem 59E

Chapter 11.4, Problem 61E

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis

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Solution Summary: The author explains the importance of random assessment of participants to experimental groups.

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