Concept explainers
The study described in the paper ‘‘Marketing Actions Can Modulate Neural Representation of Experienced Pleasantness” (Proceedings of the National Academy of Science [2008]: 1050-1054) investigated whether price affects people’s judgment.
Twenty people each tasted six cabernet sauvignon wines and rated how they liked them on a scale of 1 to 6. Prior to tasting each wine, participants were told the price of the wine. Of the six wines tasted, two were actually the same wine, but for one tasting the participant was told that the wine cost $10 per bottle and for the other tasting the participant was told that the wine cost $90 per bottle. The participants were randomly assigned either to taste the $90 wine first and the $10 wine second, or the $10 wine first and the $90 wine second.
Differences were calculated by subtracting the rating for the tasting in which the participant thought the wine cost $10 from the rating for the tasting in which the participant thought the wine cost $90. The differences that follow are consistent with summary' quantities given in the paper. Difference ($90 – $10)
Carry out a hypothesis test to determine if the mean rating assigned to the wine when the cost is described as $90 is greater than the mean rating assigned to the wine when the cost is described as $10. Use α = 0.01.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 11 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
- Exercises 5–8 refer to the study of an association between which ear is used for cell phone calls and whether the subject is left-handed or right-handed. The study is reported in “Hemispheric Dominance and Cell Phone Use,” by Seidman et al., JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Vol. 139, No. 5. The study began with a survey e-mailed to 5000 people belonging to an otology online group, and 717 surveys were returned. (Otology relates to the ear and hearing.)arrow_forwardThe UWI Open Campus has commissioned a study to determine how student will perform in ECON3080 based on the hours of studying each semester. Students are separated by gender and the results of the study are given below: Males Females Hours Studying ECON3080 Grade Hours Studying ECON3080 Grade 377 92 182 51 280 100 99 41 187 99 44 38 225 62 387 90 157 91 200 75 280 99 331 48 80 32 263 78 374 88 377 93 141 59 297 49 385 72 229 88 238 30 254 80 105 94 347 80 180 53 119 55 288 48 142 67 241 96 293 45 72 57 318 36 314 82 319 94 196 81 60 60 209 79 319 42 306 79 184 81 167 51 193 56 380 44 239 34 389 88 144 49 122 49 97 100 354 76 337 33 327 94 330 78 181 70 157 57 349 66 262 43 117 35…arrow_forwardA sample of 26 offshore oil workers took part in a simulated escape exercise, resulting in the accompanying data on time (sec) to complete the escape (“Oxygen Consumption and Ventilation During Escape from an Offshore Platform,” Ergonomics, 1997: 281-292): 389 356 359 363 375 424 325 394 402 373 373 370 364 366 364 325 339 393 392 369 374 359 356 403 334 397 a. Construct a stem-and-leaf display of the data. How does it suggest that the sample mean and median will compare?b. Calculate the values of the sample mean and median. [Hint: Σxi = 9638.]c. By how much could the largest time, currently 424, be increased without affecting the value of the sample median? By how much could this value be decreased without affecting the value of the sample median?d. What are the values of x and x when the observations are reexpressed in minutes?arrow_forward
- A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately 1 2 mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers. MaleDriver FemaleDriver 1.3 -0.3 1.3 0.6 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 3 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.5 (a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use ?males − ?females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.) t = df =…arrow_forwardStudents in QSO 510 are assigned to observe the effect of various types of music on relaxation mood in patients who are in the early and middle stages of Alzheimer's disease at a certain Nursing Home facility. A number of patients were selected to participate in the study based on their stages of Alzheimer's disease. Three forms of music were tested: R&B, Blues, and Reggae. While listening to music, relaxation levels were recorded for the patients with a high score indicating a higher level of relaxation. Scores are recorded below. Group Reggae Blues R&B Early Stage Alzheimer's 2124221820 9121059 2926302426 Middle Stage Alzheimer's 2220251820 141811913 1518201319 Use Excel’s ToolPak to compute Two-Way ANOVA and submit your statistical output. Are there any significant main effects or an interaction effect? Interpret your answer.arrow_forwardA paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately 1 2 mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers. MaleDriver FemaleDriver 1.4 -0.2 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 3 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.5 (a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use ?males − ?females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.) t = df =…arrow_forward
- A study in Sweden looked at former elite soccer players, people who had played soccer but not at the elite level, and people of the same age who did not play soccer. Here is a two-way table that classifies these subjects by whether or not they had arthritis of the hip or knee by their mid-fifties: Elite Non-elite Did not play Arthritis 10 9 24 No arthritis 61 206 548 Based on this study, you can conclude thatarrow_forwardIn 2013, psychology researchers conducted an experiment featuring 40 undergraduate college students, each of whom took a 20-question general-knowledge test on a computer. Participants were given four possible answers and instructed to pick the correct one. Before doing so, half the students were told that just before each question was asked, the correct answer was momentarily flashed onto the screen. They were informed that this happened too quickly for them to process the information consciously, but assured that it would register in their brains. This was the placebo treatment. In the control treatment participants were not told this. The researchers write that: “Participants in the placebo condition who believed they had been exposed to the correct answers subliminally scored higher than participants in the control condition.” The researchers conducted a hypothesis test to determine if the proportion of correct answers is significantly different for participants in the placebo…arrow_forwardWhich of the independent variables retains the strongest association with the number of children a respondent has when all other variables in the model are controlled? What is that association? Which has the weakest when other variables are controlled?arrow_forward
- In studies examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that an individual’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how the individual was perceived by others. In one part of the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner. The fictitious male was described positively as being single and ambitious and having good job prospects. For one group of participants, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. For another group, it said that he has no sense of humor. After reading the description, each participant was asked to rate the attractiveness of the man on a seven-point scale from 1 (very unattractive) to 7 (very attractive). A score of 4 indicates a neutral rating. The females who read the “great sense of humor” description gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M = 4.53 with a standard deviation of s = 1.04. If the sample consisted of n = 16…arrow_forwardAn automotive engineer is investigating two different types of metering devices for an electronic fuel injection system to determine whether they differ in their fuel mileage performance. The system is installed on 10 different cars, and a test is run with each metering device on each car. The data is provided below: Metering Device Car 1 2 1 17.6 16.8 2 19.4 20.0 3 18.2 17.6 4 17.1 16.4 5 15.3 16.0 6 15.9 15.9 7 16.3 16.5 8 18.0 18.4 9 17.3 16.4 10 19.1 20.1 Is there a significant difference between the means of the two metering devices? Use . Interpret the result in the context of the problem. An article in the journal Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials (Vol. 6, 1989) reported the results of an analysis of the weight of calcium in standard cement and cement doped with lead. Reduced levels of calcium would indicate that the hydration mechanism in the cement is blocked…arrow_forwardA developmental psychologist is studying bonding between healthy newborn babies and immediate family members. He wants to know if one-week-old infants use smell to recognize their fathers. To investigate, he selects a random sample of one-week-old infants. Each infant is presented with a garment worn by his or her father and two garments worn by unrelated men. The psychologist observes which garment each of the infants orients toward. The resulting data are summarized in the following table that shows the number of infants who oriented toward each of the three garments. What is are the degrees of freedom for this experiment? 4 3 1 2arrow_forward
- MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons IncProbability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage LearningStatistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSONThe Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. FreemanIntroduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman