Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn. Concept introduction: Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms. • Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms. • Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms. Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it. Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as R O R ' . Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one − O H group. It is represented as R O H .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

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What is a functional group? a. a group of atoms with a specific purpose or function b. a collection of atoms that work well together c. a group of atoms in an organic molecule that is the site of a chemical reaction

What types of functional groups/bonds does these molecules have?

What is the functional group in each compound?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 11Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as ROR'.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one −OH group. It is represented as ROH.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Aldehyde: One alkyl group or hydrogen and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCHO.

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as RC(=O)R'.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional group present in the given compound has to be identified and an isomer of the given compound with a different functional group has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers: They have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms.

• Stereoisomers: They differ in their spatial arrangement of atoms.

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules that determine the properties of the molecules and characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Ester: One −OR' group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOR'.

Carboxylic acid: One −OH group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as RCOOH

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 12.1 - Skill Building Finding Equilibrium Glucose and...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 12.3YT Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 12.4YT Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.5YT Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.6YT Ch. 12.2 - A practicing scientist must Judge a potential...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.8YT Ch. 12.3 - Skill Building Checking on Carbon a. Examine the...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.10YT Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.11YT

Solution Summary: The author explains Isomerism, stereoisomers, and functional groups. Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

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