Chapter 1.2, Problem 54E

(a)

To determine

To make: a histogram using classes of width 2, starting at 0.

(b) Describe the shape, center, and spread of the distribution. Which countries are outliers?

Answer to Problem 54E

  

Explanation of Solution

Given:

Country	CO2	Country	CO2	Country	CO2	Country	CO2
Algeria	2.6	Egypt	2.0	Italy	7.8	Romania	4.2
Argentina	3.6	Ethiopia	0.1	Japan	9.5	Russia	10.8
Australia	18.4	France	6.2	Kenya	0.3	Saudi Arabia	13.8
Bangladesh	0.3	Germany	9.9	Korea, North	3.3	South Africa	7.0
Brazil	1.8	Ghana	0.3	Korea, South	9.3	Spain	7.9
Canada	17.0	India	1.1	Malaysia	5.5	Sudan	0.3
China	3.9	Indonesia	1.6	Mexico	3.7	Tanzania	0.1
Colombia	1.3	Iran	6.0	Morocco	1.4	Thailand	3.3
Congo	0.2	Iraq	2.9	Myanmar	0.2	Turkey	3.0

Country	CO2	Country	CO2
Italy	7.8	Romania	4.2
Japan	9.5	Russia	10.8
Kenya	0.3	Saudi Arabia	13.8
Korea, North	3.3	South Africa	7.0
Korea, South	9.3	Spain	7.9
Malaysia	5.5	Sudan	0.3
Mexico	3.7	Tanzania	0.1
Morocco	1.4	Thailand	3.3
Myanmar	0.2	Turkey	3.0
Nepal	0.1	Ukraine	6.3
Nigeria	0.4	United Kingdom	8.8
Pakistan	0.8	United States	19.6
Peru	1.0	Uzbekistan	4.2
Philippines	0.9	Venezuela	5.4
Poland	7.8	Vietnam	1.0

Calculation:

The Histogram of Carbon dioxide emission per person from countries with population of at least 20 million6 is below:

  

Conclusion:

Thus, a histogram is made for the given data.

(b)

To determine

To describe: the shape, center, spread and outliers

Answer to Problem 54E

Shape: skewed to the right

Center: between 2 and 4 metric tons per person

Spread: 0.1 to 19.5metric tons per person

Outliers: Australia, Canada and the US

Explanation of Solution

The shape is irregular and asymmetric.lt is skewed towards one side. It seems closer to the right skewed.

The centre of data is approximately between 4 to 5 metric tons emission per person. There is three outlier that is 17, 18.4,and 19.6

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{range }=\text{Minimum value }-\text{ Maximum value}\\ =19.6-0.1\\ =19.5\end{array}$

Therefore, the data is approximately follows skewed distribution.

With 17 metric tons emission per person, with 18.4 metric tons emission per person and US with 19.6 metric tons emission per person are the outliers in the data.