Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 15RQ
A scientist identifies a pre-mRNA with the following structure.
What is the predicted size of the corresponding mature mRNA in base pairs (bp), excluding the 5' cap and 3’ poly-A tail?
- 220bp
- 295bp
- 140bp
- 435bp
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Shown below is the sequence of the 5' end of a hypothetical mRNA. Where does translation of this mRNA begin? (the number of each nt is shown on top).
a. nucleotide 1
b. nucleotide 5
c. nucleotide 10
d. nucleotide 11
what does mature mRNA look like after processing? Include 5'cap, 5' UTR, +1 site, exons, 3' UTR, polyadenalation sequence, poly A tail.
A small section of bacterial mRNA has the following nucleotide sequence:GAC CCG AUG AACThe tRNA anticodons for the mRNA sequence shown above is
a.
CTG GGC TAC TTG
b.
CUG GGC UAC UUG
c.
GAC CCG ATG AAC
d.
CUG GGC TAC UUC
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 15 - Figure 15.11 A scientist splices a eukaryotic...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.13 Errors in splicing are implicated in...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial...Ch. 15 - The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify...Ch. 15 - How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons? 12 24...Ch. 15 - Which event contradicts the central dogma of...Ch. 15 - Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers...Ch. 15 - The -10 and -35 regions of prokaryotic promoters...Ch. 15 - Three different bacteria species have the...Ch. 15 - Which feature of promoters can be found in both...
Ch. 15 - What transcripts will be most affected by low...Ch. 15 - How do enhancers and promoters differ? Enhancers...Ch. 15 - Which pre-mRNA processing step is important for...Ch. 15 - What processing step enhances the stability of...Ch. 15 - A scientist identifies a pre-mRNA with the...Ch. 15 - The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in...Ch. 15 - In any given species, there are at least how many...Ch. 15 - A scientist introduces a mutation that makes the...Ch. 15 - Imagine if there were 200 commonly occurring amino...Ch. 15 - Discuss how degeneracy of the genetic code makes...Ch. 15 - A scientist sequencing itiRNA identifies the...Ch. 15 - If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template...Ch. 15 - In your own words, describe the difference between...Ch. 15 - A fragment of bacterial DNA reads: 3’...Ch. 15 - A scientist observes that a cell has an RNA...Ch. 15 - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients often harbor...Ch. 15 - Transcribe and translate the following DNA...Ch. 15 - Explain how single nucleotide changes can have...Ch. 15 - A normal mRNA that reads 5’ -...
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- Which of the following is/are typically removed from pre-mRNA during nuclear processing in eukaryotes? (a) upstream leader sequences (b) poly-A tail (c) introns (d) exons (e) all the precedingarrow_forwardA certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon for each codon? What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide? (Use Figure 13-5 to help answer this question.) Figure 13-5 The genetic code The genetic code specifies all possible combinations of the three bases that compose codons in mRNA. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 specify amino acids (see Figure 3-17 for an explanation of abbreviations). The codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also signals the ribosome to initiate translation (start). Three codonsUAA, UGA, and UAGdo not specify amino acids; they terminate polypeptide synthesis (stop).arrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are not found in a bacterial mRNA molecule? (a) stop codon (b) upstream leader sequences (c) downstream trailing sequences (d) start codon (e) promoter sequencesarrow_forward
- The genetic code is defined as a series of _______________ in _______________. (a) anticodons; tRNA (b) codons; DNA (c) anticodons; mRNA (d) codons; mRNA (e) codons and anticodons; rRNAarrow_forwardCompare bacterial and eukaryotic mRNAs, and explain the functional significance of their structural differences.arrow_forwardEukaryotic mRNA: usessnRNPs to cut out introns and seal together translatableexons. uses a spliceosome mechanism made of DNA to recognizeconsensus sequences to cut and splice. has a guanine cap on its 39 end and a poly(A) tail on its 59 end. is composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. codes the guanine cap and poly(A) tail from the DNAtemplate.arrow_forward
- Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:arrow_forwardAn unprocessed pre-mRNA has the following structure. Which of the following is not a possible size (in bp) of the mature mRNA? 205bp 180bp 150bp 100bparrow_forwardThe following segment of DNA codes for a protein. The uppercase letters represent exons. The lowercase letters represent introns. The lower strand is the template strand. Draw the primary transcript and the mRNA resulting from this DNA.arrow_forward
- Given the following tRNA anticodon sequence, derive the mRNA and the DNA template strand. Also, write out the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by this message. tRNA: UAC UCU CGA GGC mRNA: protein: How many hydrogen bonds would be present in the DNA segment?arrow_forwardIf the genetic code uses triplets, how many different amino acids can be coded by a repeating RNA polymer composed of UA and UC (UAUCUAUCUAUC ...)? a. one b. two c. three d. four e. fivearrow_forwardAn mRNA has the following base sequence:5′–CAGGCGGCGAUGGACAAUAAAGCGGGCCUGUAAGC–3′Identify the start codon, and determine the complete amino acid sequence that will be translated from this mRNA.arrow_forward
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