“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated. Concept Introduction: Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base. Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion. When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below, Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Question

Potentiometric titration curve is given below, which is obtained during the potentiometric titration between strong base KOH (0.2 M) with strong acid HI, label the point in the curve from the following options. If more than one points are present than write as x, y(means separate by using comma) a)The point where pH is because of excess OH - ions. b) The point where pH is only because of HI in water. c)The point where [HI]= [I] in water. d)The point where pH=pka e) The point where all HI is neutralized. f) The point where pH corresponds to solution of [I- ] in water. 14 13 12 11 10 9 pH 6. TITIT TIT

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

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Potentiometric titration curve is given below, which is obtained during the potentiometric titration between strong base KOH (0.2 M) with strong acid HI, label the point in the curve from the following options. If more than one points are present than write as x, y(means separate by using comma) a)The point where pH is because of excess OH - ions. b) The point where pH is only because of HI in water. c)The point where [HI]= [I] in water. d)The point where pH=pka e) The point where all HI is neutralized. f) The point where pH corresponds to solution of [I- ] in water. 14 13 12 11 10 9 pH 6. TITIT TIT

Following are Fischer projections for a group of five-carbon sugars, all of which are aldopentoses. Identify the pairs that are enantiomers and the pairs that are epimers. (The sugars shown here are not all of the possible five-carbon sugars.) 1 СНО 2 СНО СНО Н-С—ОН Н-С—ОН Н—С—ОН Н-С—ОН НО —С—Н Н-С—ОН Н- С—ОН НО—С— Н НО—С—Н CH̟OH CH̟OH ČH̟OH в iоchemistry |61 STATE ATION Republic of the Philippines Romblon State University Romblan, Philippines 4 СНО 5 СНО 6 СНО НО—С—Н Н-С—ОН НО -С—Н Н—С—ОН НО -С—Н НО -С—Н H-C–OH Н-С—ОН НО—С—Н CH,OH ČH,OH CH,OH

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 17.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Parent” amine can be regenerated from the given salt or not has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

Neutralization reaction is the one that takes place between an acid and a base to give salt as product. As amines are bases due to the amino group in it, the reaction with inorganic acid or carboxylic acid gives salt as product. The salt formed is an amine salt. Proton is donated from the acid to the nitrogen atom which acts as a proton acceptor. In simple words, it can be said that in an amine‑acid reaction, the acid loses a hydrogen ion and amine gains a hydrogen ion.

When a strong base is added to the amine salt, the parent amine can be obtained. This is a reverse reaction of the amine salt formation reaction. These reactions can be represented as shown below,

Quaternary ammonium salt does not give the “parent” amine when treated with a strong base as there is no possibility of deprotonation to take place.

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 4QQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that a quaternary ammonium salt is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of strong base.

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