Chapter 20, Problem 19A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The petroleum fractions are to be listed with its use.

Concept introduction:

When fractional distillation of petroleum is done, a large number of fractions are obtained at various temperatures.

Answer to Problem 19A

Name	use
Asphalt	For making roads
Paraffin wax	For making Vaseline
Fuel oil	For running heavy vehicles
Kerosene oil	As a household fuel
Gasoline	For light vehicles
Petroleum gas	Household fuel
Lubricating oil	Used for lubricating machines

Explanation of Solution

Fractional distillation is done to obtain various petroleum fractions.

In fractional distillation of petroleum, different products are formed at different temperature.

Name	The approximate boiling range	use
Asphalt	>300°C	For making roads
Paraffin wax	190-250°C	For making Vaseline
Fuel oil	>350°C	For running heavy vehicles
Kerosene oil	190-250°C	As a household fuel
Gasoline	25-75°C	For light vehicles
Petroleum gas	250-350°C	Household fuel
Lubricating oil	>350°C	Used for lubricating machines

Conclusion

Thus, petroleum on fractional distillation gives various products at different boiling points.