Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The name of the given molecule should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The general formula of ketone and aldehyde is:
Where, R is an alkyl group. In case of ketone, R group can be same on both sides or can be different.
Now, the naming of aldehyde and ketone is given as:
- First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carbonyl group known as parent chain.
- The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carbonyl group and substituents get the lowest number.
- The root name of the carbon chain is same as in case of
alkanes , but “−e” ending is replaced by “−al” in case of aldehyde and in case of ketone, “−e” ending is replaced by “−one”. - The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group (substituent) as and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.
- The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.
(b)
Interpretation:
The name of the given molecule should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Aldehyde and ketone both contains carbonyl group. In case of aldehyde, carbonyl group is present at the end of the hydrocarbon chain and in case of ketone, carbonyl group is present between two carbon atoms.
The general formula of ketone and aldehyde is:
Where, R is an alkyl group. In case of ketone, R group can be same on both sides or can be different.
Now, the naming of aldehyde and ketone is given as:
- First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carbonyl group known as parent chain.
- The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carbonyl group and substituents get the lowest number.
- The root name of the carbon chain is same as in case of alkanes, but “−e” ending is replaced by “−al” in case of aldehyde and in case of ketone, “−e” ending is replaced by “−one”.
- The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group (substituent) as and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.
- The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 20 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
- Formic acid, isolated in 1670, is the irritant in ant bites. The structure of formic acid is One of the carbonoxygen bonds has a length of 136 pm; the other is 123 pm long. What is the length of the CO bond in formic acid?arrow_forwardFor the following compounds, write the molecular formula and calculate the formula weight to three significant figures.arrow_forwardExercise 5.6 Name each of the following compounds. a.Ca(OH)2d.(NH4)2Cr2O7g.Cu(NO2)2 b.Na3PO4e.Co(ClO4)2 c.KMnO4f.KClO3arrow_forward
- In the model shown here, C atoms are black and H atoms are light blue. a Write the molecular formula. b Write the condensed structural formula.arrow_forwardA large crystal is constructed by stacking small, identical pieces of crystal, much as you construct a brick wall by slacking bricks. A unit cell is the smallest such piece from which a crystal can be made. The unit cell of a crystal of gold metal has a volume of 67.6 3 What is this volume in cubic decimeters?arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning