Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition

Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other

ISBN: 9781337399425

Textbook Problem

17 views

. Give the systematic name for each of the following alcohols. Indicate whether the alcohol is primary, secondary, or tertiary.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic names of the given alcohol and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

In order to give the name to the alcohol following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) continuous carbon chain containing hydroxyl group (-OH) is selected.

2. While writing the name of alcohol, the suffix "e" of the corresponding alkane is replaced by "-ol".

3. Name should be written in alphabetical order and numbering should be done in such a way that the multiple bond and substituent group gets lowest number.

4. Hyphen is used to connect the number to the name.

For number of carbons atoms in alkane chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec.

Explanation

The given structure is:

The parent chain in the given structure is of 5-carbon atoms so, prefix will be pent. Numbering is done in such a way that the hydroxyl group gets lower number that is 3 and the ethyl substituent also get 3...

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic names of the given alcohol and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

In order to give the name to the alcohol following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) continuous carbon chain containing hydroxyl group (-OH) is selected.

2. While writing the name of alcohol, the suffix "e" of the corresponding alkane is replaced by "-ol".

3. Name should be written in alphabetical order and numbering should be done in such a way that the multiple bond and substituent group gets lowest number.

4. Hyphen is used to connect the number to the name.

For number of carbons atoms in alkane chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic names of the given alcohol and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

In order to give the name to the alcohol following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) continuous carbon chain containing hydroxyl group (-OH) is selected.

2. While writing the name of alcohol, the suffix "e" of the corresponding alkane is replaced by "-ol".

3. Name should be written in alphabetical order and numbering should be done in such a way that the multiple bond and substituent group gets lowest number.

4. Hyphen is used to connect the number to the name.

For number of carbons atoms in alkane chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic names of the given alcohol and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

In order to give the name to the alcohol following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) continuous carbon chain containing hydroxyl group (-OH) is selected.

2. While writing the name of alcohol, the suffix "e" of the corresponding alkane is replaced by "-ol".

3. Name should be written in alphabetical order and numbering should be done in such a way that the multiple bond and substituent group gets lowest number.

4. Hyphen is used to connect the number to the name.

For number of carbons atoms in alkane chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec.

Still sussing out bartleby?

Check out a sample textbook solution.

See a sample solution

Chapter 20 Solutions

Show all chapter solutions

Sect-20.2 P-20.1SC Sect-20.4 P-20.2SC Sect-20.4 P-20.3SC Sect-20.5 P-1CT Sect-20.7 P-20.4SC Sect-20.9 P-20.5SC Sect-20.11 P-20.6SC Sect-20.14 P-20.7SC Ch-20 P-1ALQ Ch-20 P-2ALQ

Ch-20 P-3ALQ Ch-20 P-4ALQ Ch-20 P-5ALQ Ch-20 P-6ALQ Ch-20 P-1QAP Ch-20 P-2QAP Ch-20 P-3QAP Ch-20 P-4QAP Ch-20 P-5QAP Ch-20 P-6QAP Ch-20 P-7QAP Ch-20 P-8QAP Ch-20 P-9QAP Ch-20 P-10QAP Ch-20 P-11QAP Ch-20 P-12QAP Ch-20 P-13QAP Ch-20 P-14QAP Ch-20 P-15QAP Ch-20 P-16QAP Ch-20 P-17QAP Ch-20 P-18QAP Ch-20 P-19QAP Ch-20 P-20QAP Ch-20 P-21QAP Ch-20 P-22QAP Ch-20 P-23QAP Ch-20 P-24QAP Ch-20 P-25QAP Ch-20 P-26QAP Ch-20 P-27QAP Ch-20 P-28QAP Ch-20 P-29QAP Ch-20 P-30QAP Ch-20 P-31QAP Ch-20 P-32QAP Ch-20 P-33QAP Ch-20 P-34QAP Ch-20 P-35QAP Ch-20 P-36QAP Ch-20 P-37QAP Ch-20 P-38QAP Ch-20 P-39QAP Ch-20 P-40QAP Ch-20 P-41QAP Ch-20 P-42QAP Ch-20 P-43QAP Ch-20 P-44QAP Ch-20 P-45QAP Ch-20 P-46QAP Ch-20 P-47QAP Ch-20 P-48QAP Ch-20 P-49QAP Ch-20 P-50QAP Ch-20 P-51QAP Ch-20 P-52QAP Ch-20 P-53QAP Ch-20 P-54QAP Ch-20 P-55QAP Ch-20 P-56QAP Ch-20 P-57QAP Ch-20 P-58QAP Ch-20 P-59QAP Ch-20 P-60QAP Ch-20 P-61QAP Ch-20 P-62QAP Ch-20 P-63QAP Ch-20 P-64QAP Ch-20 P-65QAP Ch-20 P-66QAP Ch-20 P-67QAP Ch-20 P-68QAP Ch-20 P-69QAP Ch-20 P-70QAP Ch-20 P-71QAP Ch-20 P-72QAP Ch-20 P-73QAP Ch-20 P-74QAP Ch-20 P-75QAP Ch-20 P-76QAP Ch-20 P-77QAP Ch-20 P-78QAP Ch-20 P-79QAP Ch-20 P-80QAP Ch-20 P-81QAP Ch-20 P-82QAP Ch-20 P-83QAP Ch-20 P-84QAP Ch-20 P-85QAP Ch-20 P-86QAP Ch-20 P-87QAP Ch-20 P-88QAP Ch-20 P-89AP Ch-20 P-90AP Ch-20 P-91AP Ch-20 P-92AP Ch-20 P-93AP Ch-20 P-94AP Ch-20 P-95AP Ch-20 P-96AP Ch-20 P-97AP Ch-20 P-98AP Ch-20 P-99AP Ch-20 P-100AP Ch-20 P-101AP Ch-20 P-102AP Ch-20 P-103AP Ch-20 P-104AP Ch-20 P-105AP Ch-20 P-106AP Ch-20 P-107AP Ch-20 P-108AP Ch-20 P-109AP Ch-20 P-110AP Ch-20 P-111AP Ch-20 P-112AP Ch-20 P-113AP Ch-20 P-114AP Ch-20 P-115AP Ch-20 P-116AP Ch-20 P-117AP Ch-20 P-118AP Ch-20 P-119AP Ch-20 P-120AP Ch-20 P-121AP Ch-20 P-122AP Ch-20 P-123AP Ch-20 P-124AP Ch-20 P-125AP Ch-20 P-126AP Ch-20 P-127AP Ch-20 P-128AP Ch-20 P-129AP Ch-20 P-130AP Ch-20 P-131AP Ch-20 P-132AP Ch-20 P-133AP Ch-20 P-134AP Ch-20 P-135AP Ch-20 P-136AP Ch-20 P-137AP Ch-20 P-138AP Ch-20 P-139AP Ch-20 P-140AP Ch-20 P-141AP Ch-20 P-142CP Ch-20 P-143CP Ch-20 P-144CP Ch-20 P-145CP Ch-20 P-146CP Ch-20 P-147CP

Additional Science Solutions

Find more solutions based on key concepts

Show solutions

ScienceChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

Solutions

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

. Give the systematic name for each of the following alcohols. Indicate whether the alcohol is primary, secondary, or tertiary. a. b. c. d.

Still sussing out bartleby?

The Solution to Your Study Problems

Chapter 20 Solutions

Additional Science Solutions

Find more solutions based on key concepts

Why is it preferable to produce chloroethane by the reaction of HCl(g) with ethene than by the reaction of Cl2(...

A student has determined the mass-to-charge ratio for an electron to be 5.64 1012 kg/C. In another experiment,...

State whether or not each of the following has a permanent dipole moment. a. b. c. d. e. f.

A certain corner of a room is selected as the origin of a rectangular coordinate system. If a fly is crawling o...

The enzyme directly responsible for almost all carbon fixation on Earth is (a) rubisco (b) PEP carboxylase (c) ...

Considering the serious limitations of desert climates, why do some people choose to live in desert regions?

The filament of a light bulb goes from a temperature of about 300 K up to about 3,000 K when it is turned on. H...

Which of the following statements is incorrect? a. Some gene expression patterns can be passed to an individual...

How might people from different countries view the risks and benefits of biotechnology?

Which two minerals are the major constituents of bone? a. calcium and zinc b. sodium and magnesium c. phosphoru...

The roles of protein in the body include all but a. blood clot formation. b. tissue repair. c. gas exchange. d....

Consider the plot of relative element abundances on page 114. Is there a relationship between abundance and ato...

Based on the Lewis structures for hydrogen and helium, explain why buoyant balloons are filled with helium inst...

What percentage of the acceleration at Earth's surface is the acceleration due to gravity at the position of a ...

The three types of muscle tissue are ____, _____, and _______.

An object in free fall falls solely under the influence of ___. (2.3)

24-53 (Chemical Connections 24B) What is the mode Of action of botulinum toxin?

REFLECT AND APPLY Does biochemistry differ from organic chemistry? Explain your answer. (Consider such features...

Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions ...

What is the difference between type I and type II supernovae?

8.57 The monomer of polyvinylchloride is H2C=CHCl . Draw an example of an isotactic PVC polymer.

List three important groups of compounds the body synthesizes from cholesterol. Give the location in bodily tis...

Calculate the vibrational partition function for CH4(g) at 298K. See Table 18.2.

For the decomposition of CaCO3 at 900C, K=1.04. CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+O2(g)Find the smallest mass of CaCO3 needed to r...

Draw the cell cycle. What is meant by the term cycle in the cell cycle? What is happening at the S phase and th...

9. Ninety-five percent of the alveolar surface is composed of which of the following? 1. Type I cells 2. Granul...

Can you spell your name using the one-letter amino acid abbreviations shown in Figure 9.6B? If so, construct an...

In living systems: a. proteins rarely combine with other macromolecules. b. enzymes are always proteins. c. pro...

Samantha is a healthy eight-month-old girl who lives with her mother, Kathy, her father, and her older sister, ...

A best buffer has about equal quantities of weak acid and conjugate base present as well as having a large conc...

32. Draw electron configurations for each of the following elements according to the Bohr model. Indicate which...

trans-3, 4-Dimethylcyclobutene can open by two conrotatory paths to give either (2E, 4E)-2, 4-hexadiene or (2Z,...

A chemist needs exactly 2 moles of KNO3 to make a solution. What mass of solid KNO3 must be used?

Which child requires an interpretation of growth modified from the usual CDC growth chart interpretation? a. A ...

A laser beam is incident on two slits with a separation of 0.200 mm. and a screen is placed 5.00 m from the sli...

In 2005 (the latest year for which these data were available), the population of the U.S. state of Florida cons...

Molecules containing polar covalent bonds a. are always polar b. can be polar or nonpolar depending on molecula...

The edges of a shoebox are measured to be 11.4 cm, 17.8 cm, and 29 cm. Determine the volume of the box retainin...

Define and give two examples of an organic compound. What are three types of organic polymers that are Importan...

Give the name of the branched alkyl group attached to each of the following carbon chains, where the carbon cha...

Science
Chemistry Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation 9th Edition

. Give the systematic name for each of the following alcohols. Indicate whether the alcohol is primary, secondary, or tertiary.

a.

b.

c.

d.

The three types of muscle tissue are __, _, and _____.