Chapter 27, Problem 55IAE

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the principal product obtained by the reaction between $\text{pentan-1-ol}$ and dichromate ion in acidic solution should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Dichromate ion in acidic solution acts as a strong oxidizing agent. Primary alcohols upon oxidation produce aldehyde first and then undergo further oxidation to give carboxylic acid. Secondary alcohol yield corresponding ketone upon oxidation and tertiary alcohols show no reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the principal product obtained by the reaction between butyric acid and ethanol in an acidic solution should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Esterification reaction is the chemical reaction where carboxylic acid reacts with the alcohol to produce the ester functional group in acidic medium.

A general esterification reaction is given as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the principal product obtained by the reaction between $\text{2-methylbut-1-ene}$ and $\text{HBr}$ should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of alkenes with hydrogen halide is an example of an addition reaction. In this reaction, halogen and hydrogen atom adds across the carbon-carbon double bond to give a saturated compound.

Addition of hydrogen halide to unsymmetrical alkene occurs in accordance with Markovnikov’s rule. It states that addition of hydrogen halide to unsymmetrical alkene occurs in such a manner that hydrogen attaches to the carbon having more number of carbon and halide part goes to the carbon with less number of hydrogen atoms.