Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of ( + ) - α -Pinene should be identified. Concept introduction: The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm − 1 in the IR spectrum.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

Answer 6

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

Answer 7

Chapter 10.8, Problem 14E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Absorption associated with the carbon-carbon double bond in the IR spectrum of (+)-α-Pinene should be identified.

Concept introduction:The IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule. The functional groups that are present in compound absorb certain IR radiation at a characteristic wavelength or wavenumber. For example, the carbonyl group present in compound shows a characteristic peak around 1700 cm−1 in the IR spectrum.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The various resonances that corresponds to 1H NMR of hydrogen nuclei found in (+)-α-Pinene should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million units. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to distinct hydrogen.

The area within each peak corresponds to number of equivalent protons found at that chemical shift values.

Spin-spin splitting is observed as a result of the interaction amongst non-equivalent NMR active nuclei. This is independent of the strength of the external magnetic field. The formula to calculate the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectra is as follows:

Number of peaks=N+1

Where,

N is the number of equivalent protons on the adjacent carbon atoms.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show a three proton triplet due to CH3 and a two proton quartet in accordance with N+1 the rule.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The resonances at δ 116.2 and 144.1 in 13C NMR should be assigned.

Concept introduction: The scale used for the NMR spectrum is delta scale. δ denotes parts per million unit. The lower values of δ denote upfield while higher values of δ denote downfield region. Each peak in the NMR spectrum corresponds to a distinct hydrogen.

Thus if a fragment is −CH2−CH3− then it would show two carbon signals for each of the carbon atom.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 1E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 2E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 3E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 4E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 5E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 6E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 7E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 8E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 9E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 10E

Solution Summary: The author explains that the IR spectrum of compound helps to detect the presence of the functional group in molecule.

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