Chapter 12.10, Problem 12.25P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

The product formed when the below aldehyde reacts with Tollens reagent has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation of aldehyde:

Aldehydes can be oxidized selectively in the presence of other functional groups using silver(I) oxide (${\text{Ag}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$) in aqueous ammonium hydroxide (${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{OH}$). This combination is called as Tollens reagent. Only aldehydes do react with Tollens reagent; while other functional groups like ketone and alcohol are inert. Oxidation with Tollens reagent provides a distinct color change because the ${\text{Ag}}^{+}$ reagent is converted to silver metal ($\text{Ag}$), which precipitates out of the reaction mixture as a silver mirror.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product forms when the below ketone reacts with Tollens reagent has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part ‘a.’.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product forms when the below aldehyde reacts with Tollens reagent has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part ‘a.’.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product forms when the below alcohol reacts with Tollens reagent has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part ‘a.’.