In the voltage regulator circuit in Figure P2.21,
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Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design
- 2b) A regulator curcuit needs to be designed with an input power supply which has a nominal value of V_PS=20 V and can vary by ± %25 and nominal output voltage of 10 volts. For this purpose a zener diode is employed with specifications given; power rating of 1 W, 10V drop at Iz=25 mA, output load current is to vary between I(subscript L)=0-20 mA and zener resistance of r_Z=5Ω i) If the minimum Zener current is to be I_Z=5 mA, determine the required R_S ii) Determine the maximum variation in output voltage iii) Determine the regulation percentarrow_forwarda. Using standard resistor values, what value of R1 is needed to achieve 1.18V ±0.01V at Vout? b. Using the R1 value chosen in (a) part, what happens to the voltage Vout when a load resistance of 10K is added (between Vout and ground). c. What is the minimum value of load resistance required for correct operation Zener diode is used in place of si diode. Or you can assume zener current according to requirement Answer it i will ratearrow_forwardA- Calculate the equivalent resistances (???) of the following circuits. (The resistance value of the diodes in the conduction will be taken as 0, the resistance values of the diodes in the insulation will be taken as infinity. R1=10 ohms) B- Explain P and N type items by drawing figures. Explain the element formed by the non-polar combination of these substances by drawing a figure.arrow_forward
- Q2: For the single phase full wave semi controlled rectifier shown: 1-Draw the v-i waveforms for the circuit vm 2-Prove that: lav =~ (1+cos @) 3-Maximum voltage across the load if the AC supply voltage is 208V .arrow_forwardFill in the blanks with the words belowcheck valve, conductance, convert, crystalline, impurities, infinite, galena, p–n junction, rectifying,resistance, selenium, semiconductor, switching circuits, tailored, temperature, threshold, two-terminal,unidirectionalA diode is a 1 ………………… electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction(asymmetric 2 ………………..); it has low (ideally zero) 3 ……………… in one direction, and high (ideally4 ………………..) resistance in the other. A 5 ………….. diode, the most common type today, is a 6……….. piece of semiconductor material with a 7 ………………. connected to two electrical terminals. Avacuum tube diode has two electrodes, a plate (anode) and a heated cathode. Semiconductor diodes were thefirst semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery of crystals' 8 ……………… abilities was made byGerman physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874. The first semiconductor diodes, developed around 1906, weremade of mineral crystals such as 9 ……………….. . Today, most…arrow_forward4 - The figure below shows a part of the energy band diagram of a p-n semiconductor junction. According to the situation shown in the figure, in the equilibrium condition, we can identify the currents as follows: *image attached* ( ) i1:hole diffusion current, i2:electron drift current, i3:hole drift current and i4:electron diffusion current. ( ) i1:hole drift current, i2:electron diffusion current, i3:hole diffusion current and i4:electron drift current. ( ) i1:electron diffusion current, i2:electron diffusion current, i3:hole drift current and i4:hole drift current. ( ) i1:electron drift current, i2:electron diffusion current, i3:hole diffusion current and i4:hole drift current. ( ) i1:hole drift current, i2:electron drift current, i3:hole diffusion current and i4:electron diffusion current.arrow_forward
- Apply each of diodeapproximations and determine:a. Current through D1b. Voltage across D2c. Voltage across R3 GIVEN: R1 = 2 kΩ, R2 = 1.2 kΩ, R3 = 6.8 kΩ E= 10 V D1: Si, rB = 2 Ω, rR = 220 kΩ D2: Si, rB = 5 Ω, rR = 560 kΩ DETERMING FIRST IF IT IS A FORWARD BIASED OR REVERSED BIASED THEN, SOLVE IN FIRST APPROXIMATION, SECOND APPROXIMATION AND THIRD APPROXIMATION SHOW THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM IN EACH APPROXIMATIONarrow_forward. a) Calculate and plot the current flowing through the pn junctions of device #2 on your 3311 wafer as a function of voltage over the range of -3 volts to plus 1.5 (or so) volts on a linear scale. b) plot the I-V curve for the forward voltage on a log scale. c) What voltages correspond to 10 A/cm2, 100 A/cm2, 1000 A/cm2, 10,000 A/cm2 and 100,000 A/cm2? d) What is the current and current density when the applied voltage is equal to the built-in voltage? e) what are your thoughts on applying a voltage greater than the built-in voltage to a pn junction diode?arrow_forward2.7 Two diodes are connected in series as shown in Figure 2.11a and the voltage across each diode is maintained the same by connecting voltage sharing resistors, such that VD V-2.2kV and R, 100kn. The v-i characteristics of the diodes are shown in Figure P2.6. Determine the leakage currents of each diode and the resistance R₂ across diode D2arrow_forward
- Since R1=4.51 Kohm, R2=1.19 Kohm R3=2.74Kohm R4=5.60Kohm VCC=23.00V and diode silicon in the circuit given in the figure, find the current passing through the diode in mAarrow_forwardHow are diodes tested for functionality? Write the necessary devices/materials needed to do the test and discuss thoroughly the procedure.arrow_forwardDiodesFill in the blanks with the words belowcheck valve, conductance, convert, crystalline, impurities, infinite, galena, p–n junction, rectifying,resistance, selenium, semiconductor, switching circuits, tailored, temperature, threshold, two-terminal,unidirectionalA diode is a 1 ………………… electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction(asymmetric 2 ………………..); it has low (ideally zero) 3 ……………… in one direction, and high (ideally4 ………………..) resistance in the other. A 5 ………….. diode, the most common type today, is a 6……….. piece of semiconductor material with a 7 ………………. connected to two electrical terminals. Avacuum tube diode has two electrodes, a plate (anode) and a heated cathode. Semiconductor diodes were thefirst semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery of crystals' 8 ……………… abilities was made byGerman physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874. The first semiconductor diodes, developed around 1906, weremade of mineral crystals such as 9 ……………….. . Today,…arrow_forward
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