Organic Chemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781936221349
Author: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.44AP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Among the fluids, stomach acid or the bloodstream, the one in which penicillin-G is more soluble is to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The solubility of two substances dependents on the “like dissolves like” principle that means polar substances dissolve in polar solvents and non-polar substances will dissolve in non-polar solvents. The water-soluble compounds are hydrophilic and water-insoluble compounds are hydrophobic.
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Benozic acid (C6H5COOH) has a pKa of 4.20. What is the ratio of the acid to its conjugate acid at a pH of 2.20 and what is the formula of the conjugate acid?
Benozic acid (C6H5COOH) has a pKa of 4.20.
a. What is the ratio of the acid to its conjugate base at a pH of 2.20?
(b) Calculate the pH of 0.0005 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid when its pKa = 4.75 and explain the assumptions made in the calculations CH3COOH(aq) CH3COO-(aq) + H+(aq)
Ka =
pH =
Chapter 20 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.2PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.3PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.4PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.5PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.6PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.7PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.8PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.9PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.10P
Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.11PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.12PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.13PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.14PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.15PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.16PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.17PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.18PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.19PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.20PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.21PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.22PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.23PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.24PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.25PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.26PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.27APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.28APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.29APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.30APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.31APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.32APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.33APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.34APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.35APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.36APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.37APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.38APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.39APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.40APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.41APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.42APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.43APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.44APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.45APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.46APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.47APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.48APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.49APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.50APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.51APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.52APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.53APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.54APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.55APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.56APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.57APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.58APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.59APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.60AP
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- If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3)3N] is 10.75, what should the molarity of this solution be? (CH3)3N + H2O ↔ (CH3)3NH+ + OH-, Kb = 6,3 × 10-5arrow_forwardPhenylamine is an aromatic amine that is used in the manufacture of dyes. When absorbed through the skin itcauses the Fe+2 in hemoglobin to become oxidized into Fe+3, resulting in the formation of methemoglobin whichcannot bind to or transport oxygen. Phenylamine is soluble in water and acts as a weak base.C6H5NH2 (aq) + H2O (ℓ) ⇋ C6H5NH3+ (aq) + OH- (aq)a. When you measure the concentrations of the ionized substances you find them to be:[C6H5NH2] = 0.234 mol/L [C6H5NH3+] = 2.8 x 10-5 mol/L [OH-]= 2.8 x 10-5 mol/LIf the Kb is 4.27 x 10-10, is the reaction at equilibrium? If not, which direction does it need to move (rightor left) to reach equilibrium? Explain. b. At equilibrium the concentrations of the ionized substances are:[C6H5NH2] = 0.0537 mol/L [C6H5NH3+] = 4.79 x 10-6 mol/L [OH-]= 4.79 x 10-6 mol/LIf this reaction is taking place in a 2.0L container, and 1.5 moles of phenylamine were added to thereaction, what will the new concentrations of the three ionic species be when…arrow_forwardThe pKa of the conjugate acid of guanidine is 13.6, making it one of thestrongest neutral organic bases. Offer an explanation.arrow_forward
- Calculate the pH of a 0.2 M solution of an amine that has a pKa of 9.5arrow_forwardThe structure of benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (pKa1 =2.88, pKa2 4.76, pKa3 = 7.13) can be seen on the right. What is the predominate form of benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid in a solution that has a pH of 6.0?arrow_forwardThe pKa of acetic acid (CH3COOH) is 4.76. If a solution of acetic acid is at a pH of 6.56, the ratio of conjugate base to acid is _____________.arrow_forward
- When added to water, ethylamine undergoes the following reaction: C2H5NH2 + H2O C2H5NH3+ + OH- Is ethylamine an acid or a base in this reaction? Strong or weak? How do you know? 6. Name Ca(OH)2 and write its ionization equation.arrow_forwarda) If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3) 3N] is 10.75, what should be the molarity of this solution? (CH3) 3N + H2O ↔ (CH3) 3NH + + OH-, Kb = 6.3 × 10-5 b) What will be the pH of the solution prepared by dissolving 8.35 g of aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3 + Cl-) in 750 mL of 0.215 M aniline (C6H5NH2)? Is this solution an effective buffer? Explain (Kb = 7.4 × 10-10 for aniline, C: 12.0 g / mol, H: 1.0 g / mol, N: 14.0 g / mol, Cl: 35.4 g / mol) .arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about acids and bases? A. When bases ionize, they donate protons. B. Strong acids and bases are completely ionized in dilute aqueous solutions. C. The dissociation constant of a strong acid is lower than that for a weak acid. D. The pKa of a strong acid will be higher than that for a weak acid.arrow_forward
- Hydroxychloroquine (HQ) was used to treat coronavirus. The proposed mechanism for the action of HQ is to enter into the cytoplasm of the cell and increase intracellular pH from 4.7 to 6.3 and to stop the virus from entering the cell. Looking at the structure of HQ, and the fact that the intracellular pH is increased when HQ is present, how does HQ increase the pH? Hydroxychloroquine is a weak Bronsted base. Hydroxychloroquine is a weak Arrhenius base Hydroxychloroquine is a weak Lewis acid Hydroxychloroquine is a weak Bronsted acid.arrow_forwarda) If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3)3N] is 10.75, what should be the molarity of this solution? (CH3)3N + H2O ↔ (CH3)3NH+ + OH-, Kb = 6,3 × 10-5 b) What will be the pH of the solution prepared by dissolving 8.35 g of aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3+Cl-) in 750 mL of 0.215 M aniline (C6H5NH2)? Is this solution an effective buffer? Explain (Kb = 7,4 × 10-10 for aniline, C: 12.0 g / mol, H: 1.0 g / mol, N: 14.0 g / mol, Cl: 35.4 g / mol) .arrow_forwardDraw the structures of aspirin, caffeine, and acetaminophen. Give the hybridization of each carbon atom and state which is acidic, weakly acidic, and basic. Identify the sites on each compound that make each acidic, weakly acidic, and basic.arrow_forward
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