Concept explainers
Interpretation: To identify the incorrect statement regarding structural descriptions for
Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.
Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent
The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- For the following tetrapeptide: CKSWa. Draw its complete protonic equilibria. Indicate the net charge of each form and encircle the zwitterionic form. b. Give the full name of the tetrapeptide. c. Calculate its IpH. d. If the tetrapeptide was subjected to electrophoresis using a buffer solution at pH 7, at which electrode it will migrate?arrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. alditolb. enediolc. epimerizationd. acetale. ketalarrow_forwardSuggest a name for the enzyme that catalyzes each of the following reactions. a. transfer of a phosphate from ATP to glycerol b. addition of water to fumarate c. isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphatearrow_forward
- List two classes of compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Suggest some reasons for the amount of biomedical research devoted to these compounds.arrow_forwardMatch the enzyme name to the description of the type of reaction that it catalyzes. Each choice can only be used once. 1. Transfers a hydride ion in a redox reaction and decarboxylates. 2. Forms a double bond through a dehydration reaction. 3. Combines an aldose and a ketose together in the first step and then cleaves the intermediate molecule into a new aldose and new ketose. Is NOT sensitive to a Vitamin B1 deficiency. 4. Acts as both an enzyme and a scaffold for the formation of a glucose homopolymer. 5. Transfers the gamma phosphoryl group from ATP to a carbohydrate. answer choices: a. glycogen synthase b. glycogenin c. enolase d. PFK-1 e. G6P f. transketolase g. transketolase h. glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase i. 6 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Please answer completely will give rating surelyarrow_forwardWhat are the correct names of the items, I, II and III in the reaction given below? a. Fructose-6P / Phosphofructokinase / Ribose-1,6P b. Glucose-6P / Hexokinase / Glucose-1,6 P c. Fructose-6P / Glucokinase / Glucose-1,6 P d. Fructose-6P/ Phosphofructokinase / Fructose-1,6 P e. Fructose-6P / Phosphoglucose isomerase / Fructose-1,6 Parrow_forward
- Match each reaction description to the type of enzyme that catalyzes the reaction. 1. Oxidation and reduction of compounds 2. Transfers a functional group from one compound to another compound 3. Utilizes water to break bonds within a compound 4. Addition/removal of a group of atoms and bonds within a compound 5. Forms a bond between two compounds A. Ligase B. Transferase C. Hydrolase D. Oxidoreductase E. Isomerase F. Lyasearrow_forwardDuring the inhibition of glycopeptide transpeptidase, a serine from the enzyme reacts with the amide carbonyl of the lactam ring in penicillin antibiotic to form an enzyme - penicillin complex which inactivates the enzyme. The conversion of an amide to an an ester is not normally observed in reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives. Provide an explanation as to why the amide of a penicillin antibiotic can react with the serine of glyopeptide transpeptidase in this unexpected way. The structure of amoxicillin, a penicillin antibiotic, is shown below: НО- OH H2N amoxicillin ..||Iarrow_forwardDuring the inhibition of glycopeptide transpeptidase, a serine from the enzyme reacts with the amide carbonyl of the lactam ring in penicillin antibiotic to form an enzyme - penicillin complex which inactivates the enzyme. The conversion of an amide to an an ester is not normally observed in reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives. Provide an explanation as to why the amide of a penicillin antibiotic can react with the serine of glyopeptide transpeptidase in this unexpected way.arrow_forward
- a. What is the name of metabolite 1? b. What enzyme converts metabolite 1 to metabolite 2 (E1)? c. What is the name of metabolite 2? d. What enzyme converts metabolite 4 to metabolite 5 (E4)? e. What cofactor, if any, would E4 require?arrow_forwardAnother antidote for methanol poisoning is fomepizole, which is an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor. Would fomepizole be more or less effective than ethanol? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardThese enzymes form covalent intermediates A. Papain B. Alkaline phosphatase C. Elastase D. All of the above  This statement/s describe/s the function of TPP A. decarboxylation of alpha- keto acids B. oxidative decarboxylation of alpha- keto acids C. transketolation reactions D. All of the above True statement/s about intrinsic binding energy: A. More stable ES, slows the reaction B. Increasing the energy of ES is by either loss of entropy or destabilization of ES C. Smaller Ea between ES and ES* means faster the reaction D. All of the abovearrow_forward
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