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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: To identify the subunit that involves a B vitamin in the six-subunit block diagram for CoA.
Concept introduction: Coenzymes are non-protein organic compounds that are used along with the enzymes and help to carry forward the reaction. Coenzymes cannot perform on their own alone. CoA is also an example of the coenzyme.
Coenzyme A (CoA) is utilized in various
(b)
Interpretation: To identify the subunit that is the “active” subunit in
Concept introduction: Coenzymes are non-protein organic compounds that are used along with the enzymes and help to carry forward the reaction. Coenzymes cannot perform on their own alone. CoA is also an example of the coenzyme.
Coenzyme A (CoA) is utilized in various metabolic reactions. The functions of coenzyme A include oxidation of pyruvate in the citric cycle and fatty acid oxidation. The main function of coenzyme A is to transfer the acetyl group in various metabolic pathways. The structure of coenzyme A is:
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Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- The chemical structure of Coenzyme A contains the following EXCEPT— a β-mercaptoethylamine residue. a phosphoanhydride moiety. an adenosine-3’- phosphate. a pantothenic acid residue. a lipoic acid residue.arrow_forwardWhich substrates generally undergo elimination by the unimolecular (E1) mechanismarrow_forwardDecide whether each of the following statements is true about leucine transaminase. It's an enzyme, and leucine is its substrate. It speeds up the rate at which leucine is converted to other substances. It's a small molecule, with a molecular weight around 50 mol If you were to write a chemical equation for certain biochemical reactions of leucine, leucine transaminase would appear on both sides. Otrue Ofalse Otrue Ofalse Otrue Ofalse Otrue Ofalse Xarrow_forward
- n your own words and with your own diagrams, describe the catalytic reaction mechanism of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Discuss the functional roles of each member of the catalytic triad plus whatever other residues that you find important. Describe the actual movements of protons, and the making and breaking of bonds. What types of chemistries is the enzyme using? (what is the enzyme doing, in term of reactionarrow_forwardDraw the products that would be produced from phospholipase C cleavage of a glycerophospholipid with a phosphoserine head group, an alpha linoleic acid attached to C2 of glycerol and a linoleic acid attached to C, of glycerol. Draw these products at pH=1. Be sure to number the fatty acid carbons in your products.arrow_forward****** Which of the following is incorrect about the drugs called statins? O a. None; all the other choices are correct Ob. They are competitive inhibitors of the regulatory enzyme of cholesterol synthesis Oc. They have a bulky group that mimics CoA Od. They have an HMG-like grouparrow_forward
- Consider the synthesis and degradation of tyrosine as shown in Figures 25.37, 25.38, and 25.48 to determine where the carbon atoms in PEP and erythrose-4-P would end up in acetoacetate and fumarate.arrow_forwardUnderstanding the Mechanism of Hemolytic Anemia Genetic defects in glycolytic enzymes can have serious consequences for humans For example, defects in the gene for pyruvate kinase can result in a condition known as hemolytic anemia. Consult a reference to learn about hemolytic anemia, and discuss why such genetic defects lead to this condition.arrow_forwardUnderstanding the Stoichiometry of Cholesterol Synthesis Write a Balanced, stoichiometric reaction for the synthesis of cholesterol from acetyl-CoA.arrow_forward
- Fatty acids are oxidized by acyl COA dehydrogenase. Branched fatty acids, containing a methyl group at beta carbons cannot be oxidized by this enzyme. How does the oxidation of such branched fatty acids take place? Explain with all set of reactions and enzymes involved.. give necessary detail.. avoid cpy rightingarrow_forwardWith appropriate chemical reactions and with all the catalysts involved explain the differences between the MVA and MEP pathway.arrow_forwardConsider the each of the amino acids in the peptide below. Ala-Ile-Asp-Arg-Gln-Gly-Pro-Gly-Ala-Tyr-Val-Ile-Gln-Leu If all of the amino acids are degraded to yield energy (ATP), explain how many Acetyl CoAs for oxidation to CO2 could be produced from this peptide. note: Do not make glucose at the beginning, however converting the TCA intermediates into molecules in the glycolytic pathway for optimal Acetyl CoA production is allowed. Be sure to show clearly which pathway will the Acetyl CoA enter (to yield ATP ultimately) under such conditionarrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
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