Concept explainers
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(a)
Interpretation:
Niacin is needed or not for the proper functioning of the ETC has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I: NADH-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex II: Succinate-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex III: Coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase.
Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase.
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
The B-vitamins consist of a group of vitamins that are water soluble and acts as precursors for enzyme cofactors.
(b)
Interpretation:
Biotin is needed or not for the proper functioning of the ETC has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I: NADH-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex II: Succinate-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex III: Coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase.
Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase.
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
The B-vitamins consist of a group of vitamins that are water soluble and acts as precursors for enzyme cofactors.
(c)
Interpretation:
Pantothenic acid is needed or not for the proper functioning of the ETC has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I: NADH-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex II: Succinate-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex III: Coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase.
Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase.
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
The B-vitamins consist of a group of vitamins that are water soluble and acts as precursors for enzyme cofactors.
(d)
Interpretation:
Vitamin B6 is needed or not for the proper functioning of the ETC has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I: NADH-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex II: Succinate-coenzyme Q reductase.
Complex III: Coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase.
Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase.
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
The B-vitamins consist of a group of vitamins that are water soluble and acts as precursors for enzyme cofactors.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
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- Which of the following is not a member of the vitamin B complex? A. Thiamine B. Riboflavin C. Folic acid D. Ascorbic acidarrow_forwardDerrick is a young man who lifts weights for several hours a day. He explains that remaining physically fit is very important to him and has been taking megadoses of vitamins as part of maintaining his health. You are concerned about a. reduced carbohydrate intake that may result in ketoacidosis. b. toxic buildup of watersoluble vitamins. c. loss of protein mass. d. toxic buildup of fatsoluble vitamins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following foods are the richest sources of Vitamin E? A. Milk and dairy products B. Vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds C. Meat, fish, and poultry D. Fruits and vegetablesarrow_forward
- One day after sinulog, a 37 year old alcoholic male was brought to medical emergency department of SWU medical center in semi-conscious state. He was out of muscle coordination, with vision changes and somehow confabulating (making up stories). Which of the following vitamins can be used as a part of the treatment? * (Please choose one correct answer only) A. Cyanocobalamin B. Thiamin C. Folic acid D. Pantothenic acidarrow_forwardWhich of the gastrointestinal side effects is not usually seen with glucocorticoid use?A. Peptic ulcer diseaseB. Gastrointestinal bleedingC. HemorrhoidsD. PancreatitisE. Abdominal bloatingarrow_forwardSpecify two conditions that may lead to failure to absorb vitamin B12.arrow_forward
- Sideroblastic anemia is observed in the deficiency of which of the following? * (Please choose one correct answer only) A. Thiamin B. Pyridoxine C. Cyanocobalamin D. Niacinarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. one-carbon metabolism b. para-aminobenzoic acid c. cobalamin d. pernicious anemia e. intrinsic factorarrow_forwardWhich of the following nutrients is critical for a toddler's nervous systems development? A. Sugar B. Vitmain A C. Unsaturated fats D. Calcium E. Ironarrow_forward
Essentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:Cengage
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