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(a)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E. coli needs to be compared on the basis of the activated precursors.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the
(b)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E. coli needs to be compared on the basis of
the direction of chain elongation.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the nucleotide so that it can be used as the template for RNA Synthesis.
(c)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E.coli needs to be compared on the basis of
conservation of template.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the nucleotide so that it can be used as the template for RNA Synthesis.
(d)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E.coli needs to be compared on the basis of
need for primer.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the nucleotide so that it can be used as the template for RNA Synthesis.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Biochemistry
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- "DNA polymerase I serves a secondary function in vivo,now believed to be critical to the maintenance of fidelityof DNA synthesis" Explain this statement ?arrow_forwardCompare DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase from E. coli in regard to each of the following features: (a) activated precursors,(b) direction of chain elongation, (c) conservation of the template, and(d) need for a primer.arrow_forwardIt was once thought that the DNA polymerase machinery moves along DNA in a manner analogous to a train on a track. Current evidence indicates that the polymerizing machinery is instead stationary and that the DNA strands are pumped through the complex. What advantages does this stationary mechanism have?arrow_forward
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- DNA polymerases cannot act as primers for replication, yet primase and other RNA polymerases can. Some geneticists have speculated that the inability of DNA polymerase to prime replication is a result of its proofreading function. This hypothesis argues that proofreading is essential for the faithful transmission of genetic information and that because DNA polymerases have evolved the ability to proofread, they cannot prime DNA synthesis. Explain why proofreading and priming functions in the same enzyme might be incompatible.arrow_forwardDescribe the difference between Sanger based sequencing and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Why is NGS advantageous over Sanger based sequencing?arrow_forwardSuppose that a replicative DNA polymerase had its 3′ exonuclease site 1.5 nm from the polymerase site, rather than the 3.0 nm seen in Klenow fragment. How would this change affect the fidelity of the enzyme? Why? Describe an additional change that could give this enzyme the same fidelity as Klenow fragment while retaining the 1.5-nm inter-site distance.arrow_forward
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