(a)
Interpretation:The structures of two constitutional isomers of bromochloropropane formed upon radical bromination of
Concept introduction:The enantiomers are identical chemical compounds that have a mirror-image relationship to each other while diastereomers do not hold mirror image relationships. The former are chiral and optically active while the latter can be chiral or achiral.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(b)
Interpretation: The structures of all possible forms of dimethylcyclobutanes should be written, the chiral structures should be specified and mirror planes for achiral ones should be drawn.
Concept introduction: The enantiomers are identical chemical compounds that have a mirror-image relationship to each other while diastereomers do not hold mirror image relationships. The former are chiral and optically active while the latter can be chiral or achiral.
Any organic compound must have no plane of symmetry in order to be chiral or optically active. The compounds with any plane of symmetry are achiral and optically inactive.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
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Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
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