Concept explainers
To answer:
Antisense RNA used to terminate translation of TACAATCGCATTGAA sequence.
Introduction:
In translation, m-RNA is converted into amino acid sequences, resulting in protein synthesis. Three important components are involved in translation are m-RNA, t-RNA, and the ribosome. Protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. The mRNA sequence encoded by the genetic material is translated into a specific protein. The t-RNA binds to free amino acids and transfer them to the ribosome and the amino acids are added to the growing chain of the protein sequence. The ribosome reads m-RNA and synthesizes protein based on codons present in the m-RNA sequence. The ribosome binds to the anticodon of particular tRNA according to m-RNA sequence and assembles amino acids corresponding to mRNA codons. Three
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Chapter 8 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
- If an antisense RNA is designed to silence the following mRNA sequence, which of the following antisense oligos (a-d) could be used for this purpose? mRNA sequence: 5' UAGGACUAUUAAGGUACACCCAUU 3' O 5' AUCCUGAUAAUUCCAUGUAAAUAA 3' O 5' AAUGGGUGUACCUUAAUAGUCCUA 3' O 5' UAGGACUAUUAAGGUACACCCAUU 3' O 5' UUACCCACAUGGAAUUAUCAGGAU 3¹arrow_forwardMany antibiotics are effective as drugs to fight off bacterial infections because they inhibit protein synthesis in bacterial cells. Using the information provided in the following table that highlights several antibiotics and their mode of action, discuss which phase of translation is inhibited: initiation, elongation, or termination. What other components of the translational machinery could be targeted to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis? Antibiotic Action 1. Streptomycin Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit 2. Chloramphenicol Inhibits peptidyl transferase of 70S ribosome 3. Tetracycline Inhibits binding of charged tRNA to the A site of the ribosome 4. Erythromycin Binds to free 50S particle and prevents formation of 70S ribosome 5. Kasugamycin Inhibits binding of tRNAfMet 6. Thiostrepton Prevents translocation by inhibiting EF-Garrow_forwarda) what is the genetic code and explain the properties b) list the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic translation initiation c) explain the role E.coli translation elongation factors.arrow_forward
- The following segment of DNA is part of the RNA-coding sequence of a transcription unit. If the bottom strand is template, which of the following RNA sequences would be transcribed? DNA: 5-'ATAGGCGATGCCA-3' 3'-TATCCGCTACGGT-5' O 5'-UAUCCGCUACGGU-3' O 5'-ACCGUAGCGGAUA-3' O 5'-AUAGGCGAUGCCA-3' O 5'-UGGCAUCGCCUAU-3'arrow_forwardThe double stranded DNA sequence shown contains the promoter for the transcription of a bacterial gene. GGCACCTGCGATGCATGAATATATCGATCGGGAATCGCTATGTCAAGCCATGGCTAGATTA CCGTGGACGCTACGTACTTATATAGCTAGCCCTTAGCGATACAGTTCGGTACCGATCTAAT Draw a box around each of the promoter elements and identify each. Identify which strand will be used as the template strand by putting a vertical line between the -1/+1 start site nucleotides and underlining in the direction of transcription on the template strand as the example below indicates. ATCGG\GAATCGC TAGCCCTTAGCG Give the sequence of the RNA createdarrow_forwardFor each of the following initiation factors, how would eukaryoticinitiation of translation be affected if it were missing?A. eIF2B. eIF4C. eIF5arrow_forward
- Researchers are studying the mechanism of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. They know that it prevents the formation of peptide bonds during translation. A model of the translation process is shown in the diagram. Which of the following describes where in the model chloramphenicol acts to interfere with the production of proteins from DNA? during initiation during elongation during termination during protein releasearrow_forwarda) Replicate this sense strand to create a double-stranded DNA helix TGAGGATGAAACTCACACCGGGGCGCAGTTTGGCACTTAGATTCTTGTACACGACCTAGTATAACACAGTT b) Using this DNA double helix, express the gene – i.e. determine the resulting polypeptide sequence by using the correct reading frame. When you get to the stop codon – you may write an asterisk (i.e. a “*”) to denote the stop codon. c) Does the sense strand DNA sequence have 5’ and 3’ UTR sequences? If so – write them in the space below 5’ UTR: 3’ UTR:arrow_forwardFor each of the following initiation factors, how would eukaryotic initiation of translation be affected if it were missing? A. eIF 2 B. eIF4 C. eIF5arrow_forward
- Refer to Figure 9.7, then translate the following mRNA nucleotide sequence into an amino acid sequence, starting at the first base: 5′—UGUCAUGCUCGUCUUGAAUCUUGUGAUGCUCGUUGGAUUAAUUGU—3′arrow_forwardThe following fictitious double-stranded bacterial DNA sequence codes for a fictitious protein. Both strands are shown; the top strand reads 5' to 3' left to right, while the bottom strand reads 5' to 3' right to left. Transcription begins with and includes the red underlined A/T (top strand/bottom strand) base pair. This is a bacterial sequence, so there are no introns. 5'GTGTCCGTATGATATTGTGAGATGTTATATCCCGCCGTCAACACCATAAAACAGGATAATCGCCTGCTGGGGCAAAGGCGGTGAAGGTAAAGGTGTTGCC 3′ 3' CACAGGCATACTATAACACTCTACAATATAGGGCGGCAGTTGTGGTATTTTGTCCTAT TAGCGGACGACCCCGTTTCCGCCACTTCCATTTCCACAACGG 5′ a) Which strand is used as a template for transcription, the top or the bottom? b) What are the first 15 nucleotides of the resulting mRNA? Indicate the 5' and 3' ends. c) What is the translation of the first 15 nucleotides of the mRNA? d) Do the underlined nucleotides TAA encode a stop codon for the protein? Explain. e) A mutation occurs which results in the insertion of an extra G/C (top strand/bottom…arrow_forwardHelp me pleasearrow_forward
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