Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The correct hybridization should be explained given the orbital overlapping systems.
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization: When the atomic orbitals mix to form new atomic orbitals, the new orbitals have the same total electron capacity as the old ones. The properties and energies of the new, hybridized orbitals are an 'average' of the original unhybridized orbitals.
sp2 hybridization: This concept has intermixing of one s-orbitals and two p-orbitals to give three identical hybrid orbitals is known as
sp3 hybridization: This concept has intermixing of one s-orbitals and three p-orbitals to give four identical hybrid orbitals is known as
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- Benzene is one of the compounds used as an octane enhancer in unleaded gasoline. It is manufactured by the catalytic conversion of acetylene to benzene: 3C2H2C6H6 Draw Lewis structures for these compounds, with resonance structures as appropriate, and determine the hybridization of the carbon atoms in each.arrow_forwardThe figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings ofthree possible shapes of an AF4 molecule. (a) For each shape,give the electron-domain geometry on which the moleculargeometry is based. (b) For each shape, how many nonbondingelectron domains are there on atom A? (c) Which of thefollowing elements will lead to an AF4 molecule with theshape in (iii): Be, C, S, Se, Si, Xe? (d) Name an element A thatis expected to lead to the AF4 structure shown in (i).arrow_forwardWhich of the following molecules are diamagnetic: H2+1, H2, H2-1, H2-2?arrow_forward
- A benzene molecule can be modeled as six carbon atoms arrangedin a regular hexagon in a plane. At each carbon atom, one of threeradicals NH2, COOH, or OH can be attached. How many suchcompoundsare possible?arrow_forwardWhich od the following statements is NOT correct? A. Carbon dioxide has 2 polar covalent bonds B. Sulfur dioxide exhibits resonance C. The center atom of ammonium has an sp2 hybridization D. The element fluorine does not have any bondsarrow_forward(a) Triazine, C3 H3 N3, is like benzene except that in triazineevery other C¬H group is replaced by a nitrogen atom. Draw the Lewis structure(s) for the triazine molecule. (b) Estimatethe carbon–nitrogen bond distances in the ring.arrow_forward
- (a) Triazine, C3 H3 N3, is like benzene except that in triazineevery other C¬H group is replaced by a nitrogen atom.Draw the Lewis structure(s) for the triazine molecule. (b) Estimatethe carbon–nitrogen bond distances in the ring.arrow_forward4) below is a structural formula( skeletal stucture ) Of an amino acid. Identify the electron geometry and the molecular geometry of the colored atoms arrow_forwardWhich of the following is trigonal planar? a. boron trifluoride, BF3 b. methyl anion, CH3− c. methane, CH4 d. ammonia, NH3 Group of answer choices a b c darrow_forward
- Mothballs are composed of naphthalene, C10H8, a moleculethat consists of two six-membered rings of carbonfused along an edge, as shown in this incomplete Lewisstructure:(a) Draw all of the resonance structures of naphthalene.How many are there? (b) Do you expect the C¬C bondlengths in the molecule to be similar to those of C¬Csingle bonds, C“C double bonds, or intermediate betweenC¬C single and C“C double bonds? (c) Not allof the C¬C bond lengths in naphthalene are equivalent.Based on your resonance structures, how many C¬Cbonds in the molecule do you expect to be shorter thanthe others?arrow_forwardIs the electron density consistentwith equal contributions from the tworesonance structures for O3? Explain.arrow_forwardThe fifth row's electron domain geometry is trigonal bipyramidal. does it have a dipole moment?arrow_forward
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax