Chapter 14, Problem 35A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The difference in structure between ionic solids and molecular solids have to be described. The fundamental particles in each solid have to be explained. Two examples of each of these two solids have to be given and the individual particles that make up the solids have to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Generally ,solids are two types-

1. Crystalline solids
2. Amorphous solids

Crystalline solids are solid compounds with highly ordered structure of the constituents (atoms, molecules or ions). The example of crystalline solids are diamond, quartz, etc.

Amorphous solids are the solid not having definite size and shape. Amorphous solids are not arranged in regular or ordered form.

Crystalline solids are solid compounds with highly ordered structure of the constituents (atoms, molecules or ions). Depending on the constituents (atoms, molecules or ions), the crystalline solids are classified in three types-

Ionic solids

Molecular solids

Atomic solids

Answer to Problem 35A

Intermolecular attractive forces that held the constituents together inside the solids is the main characteristic which differs in different crystalline solids.

Ionic solids consist of ions (cations and anions). The ions in an ionic solid are held together by electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. Whereas molecular solids consist of molecules. The molecules in a molecular solid are held together by weak Van der Waals forces.

The fundamental particles in ionic solid are ions and the fundamental particles in molecular solid are molecules.

Two examples of ionic solids are-

1. NaCl which contains Na+ and Cl- ions
2. KNO₃ which contains K+ and NO₃- ions.

Two examples of molecular solids are-

1. Ice which contains H₂O molecules.

2. Dry ice which contains CO₂ molecules.

Explanation of Solution

Intermolecular attractive forces that held the constituents together inside the solids is the main characteristic which differs in different crystalline solids.

Ionic solids consist of ions (cations and anions). The ions in an ionic solid are held together by electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. Whereas molecular solids consist of molecules. The molecules in a molecular solid are held together by weak Van der Waals forces.

The fundamental particles in ionic solid are ions and the fundamental particles in molecular solid are molecules.

Two examples of ionic solids are-

3. NaCl which contains Na+ and Cl- ions

4. KNO₃ which contains K+ and NO₃- ions.

Two examples of molecular solids are-

3. Ice which contains H₂O molecules.

4. Dry ice which contains CO₂ molecules.