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ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

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Chapter 20, Problem 52QAP
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425

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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425
Textbook Problem
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. How is the benzene ring named if it is considered a substituent in another molecule? Give the Structures and names of two examples.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of benzene when it is as a substituent in another molecule should be explained with the help pf two examples.

Concept Introduction:

  • The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry-IUPAC has developed a method for systematically naming organic compounds.
  • The name given to a compound according to the IUPAC nomenclature consists of several parts.
    1. The suffix that is used to indicate the main functional group of the structure.
    2. Name of the chain that is used to identify the main carbon chain of the compound.
    3. The prefixes that are used to indicate the substituent groups.
    4. The numbers that are used to indicate the places at which the substituent groups, additional groups and the main functional groups are attached to the chain.

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 52QAP

Table 1: The series of functional groups arranged in the decreasing order of the priority

Number of carbon atoms Root name Name of the correspondingHydrocarbon
1 meth Methane
2 eth Ethane
3 prop Propane
4 but Butane
5 pent Pentane
6 hex Hexane

Table 2: The root names used for the compounds according to the number of carbon atoms and the names of the corresponding hydrocarbons.

Explanation

In any aromatic compound benzene is the major functionality. Depending on the groups attached to benzene certain derivatives of benzene such as toluene, phenol and nitrobenzene are formed. However in almost all aromatic compounds benzene acts as the main functional group.

However when a benzene ring is present along in an aliphatic chain then it would become a substituent as indicated in the above examples.

The IUPAC name of an aliphatic compound can easily be developed by following the steps stated below in the given order.

  1. The main functional group should be identified first.
  2. The root name for the principal chain should be selected.
  3. In the name of the chain, the suffix for the double or triple bond in the parent chain should be added.
  4. The substituent groups should be named.
  5. The name of the substituent groups should be added in the name of chain.
  6. The carbon atoms in the chain should be numbered.
  7. The minimum possible number is given to the main functional group present as a substituent in the chain...

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Sect-20.2 P-20.1SCSect-20.4 P-20.2SCSect-20.4 P-20.3SCSect-20.5 P-1CTSect-20.7 P-20.4SCSect-20.9 P-20.5SCSect-20.11 P-20.6SCSect-20.14 P-20.7SCCh-20 P-1ALQCh-20 P-2ALQ
Ch-20 P-3ALQCh-20 P-4ALQCh-20 P-5ALQCh-20 P-6ALQCh-20 P-1QAPCh-20 P-2QAPCh-20 P-3QAPCh-20 P-4QAPCh-20 P-5QAPCh-20 P-6QAPCh-20 P-7QAPCh-20 P-8QAPCh-20 P-9QAPCh-20 P-10QAPCh-20 P-11QAPCh-20 P-12QAPCh-20 P-13QAPCh-20 P-14QAPCh-20 P-15QAPCh-20 P-16QAPCh-20 P-17QAPCh-20 P-18QAPCh-20 P-19QAPCh-20 P-20QAPCh-20 P-21QAPCh-20 P-22QAPCh-20 P-23QAPCh-20 P-24QAPCh-20 P-25QAPCh-20 P-26QAPCh-20 P-27QAPCh-20 P-28QAPCh-20 P-29QAPCh-20 P-30QAPCh-20 P-31QAPCh-20 P-32QAPCh-20 P-33QAPCh-20 P-34QAPCh-20 P-35QAPCh-20 P-36QAPCh-20 P-37QAPCh-20 P-38QAPCh-20 P-39QAPCh-20 P-40QAPCh-20 P-41QAPCh-20 P-42QAPCh-20 P-43QAPCh-20 P-44QAPCh-20 P-45QAPCh-20 P-46QAPCh-20 P-47QAPCh-20 P-48QAPCh-20 P-49QAPCh-20 P-50QAPCh-20 P-51QAPCh-20 P-52QAPCh-20 P-53QAPCh-20 P-54QAPCh-20 P-55QAPCh-20 P-56QAPCh-20 P-57QAPCh-20 P-58QAPCh-20 P-59QAPCh-20 P-60QAPCh-20 P-61QAPCh-20 P-62QAPCh-20 P-63QAPCh-20 P-64QAPCh-20 P-65QAPCh-20 P-66QAPCh-20 P-67QAPCh-20 P-68QAPCh-20 P-69QAPCh-20 P-70QAPCh-20 P-71QAPCh-20 P-72QAPCh-20 P-73QAPCh-20 P-74QAPCh-20 P-75QAPCh-20 P-76QAPCh-20 P-77QAPCh-20 P-78QAPCh-20 P-79QAPCh-20 P-80QAPCh-20 P-81QAPCh-20 P-82QAPCh-20 P-83QAPCh-20 P-84QAPCh-20 P-85QAPCh-20 P-86QAPCh-20 P-87QAPCh-20 P-88QAPCh-20 P-89APCh-20 P-90APCh-20 P-91APCh-20 P-92APCh-20 P-93APCh-20 P-94APCh-20 P-95APCh-20 P-96APCh-20 P-97APCh-20 P-98APCh-20 P-99APCh-20 P-100APCh-20 P-101APCh-20 P-102APCh-20 P-103APCh-20 P-104APCh-20 P-105APCh-20 P-106APCh-20 P-107APCh-20 P-108APCh-20 P-109APCh-20 P-110APCh-20 P-111APCh-20 P-112APCh-20 P-113APCh-20 P-114APCh-20 P-115APCh-20 P-116APCh-20 P-117APCh-20 P-118APCh-20 P-119APCh-20 P-120APCh-20 P-121APCh-20 P-122APCh-20 P-123APCh-20 P-124APCh-20 P-125APCh-20 P-126APCh-20 P-127APCh-20 P-128APCh-20 P-129APCh-20 P-130APCh-20 P-131APCh-20 P-132APCh-20 P-133APCh-20 P-134APCh-20 P-135APCh-20 P-136APCh-20 P-137APCh-20 P-138APCh-20 P-139APCh-20 P-140APCh-20 P-141APCh-20 P-142CPCh-20 P-143CPCh-20 P-144CPCh-20 P-145CPCh-20 P-146CPCh-20 P-147CP

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