Concept explainers
To discuss:
The normal blood pH; terms used for deviations of pH; CO2 imbalances which cause pH deviations, and the homeostatic regulation of blood pH.
Introduction:
The pH is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen (H+) ion concentration. The pH has a strong influence on respiration. Respiration is a process of ventilation where gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. The carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the blood is also a key factor that alters the pH of the blood. Homeostasis is a stable maintenance and regulation of the internal environment of an individual.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
LSC (CONCORDIA UNIV ST PAUL) BIO 315/316: B&N DPF Connect with APR and Phils Online Access for Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function 180 Day Access ENTRP
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- . Carbonic anhydrase of erythrocytes (M, 30,000) has one of the highest turnover numbers known. It catalyzes the reversible hydration of CO₂. H₂O + CO₂ H₂CO3 This is an important process in the transport of CO₂ from the tissues to the lungs. If 3 µg of pure carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the hydration of 0.10 g of CO₂ in 1 min at 37 °C at Vmax, what is the turnover number (kcat) of carbonic anhydrase? Keat = 3.79 ×10-¹4 Incorrect I minarrow_forwardA patient is hyperventilating. The "blowing off" of excessive carbon dioxide causes a decrease in blood H+ concentration. How can the carbonic acid buffering system function to correct this imbalance? CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 → H* + HCO3 O H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and raise pH. O HCO3- binds with H+ to form H2CO3 and raise pH. O H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and lower pH. O HCO3- binds with H+ to form H2CO3 and lower pH. O none of the abovearrow_forwardA patient presents to the emergency department unconscious, after ingesting a bottle of temazepam. What acid–base disturbance would you expect to see? Increased anion gap metabolic acidosis Respiratory alkalosis Normal gap metabolic acidosis Respiratory acidosisarrow_forward
- The normal pH of blood is 7.35-4.45. The normal pCO2 level is 35-45mmHg. John has blood work performed. His recorded pH is 7.1. His recorded PCO2 is 20mmHg. Based on this describe the acid base state of John. (ie, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis). Support your answer.arrow_forwardCaffeine Content of Each Type of Drink Caffeine Type of Caffeine Serving Size (fl oz) per Fluid Caffeinated Content Ounce Drink (mg) (mg/fl oz) Mt. Dew 12 55 4.6 Voltage Arizona 20 38 1.9 Iced Tea Starbucks Double 6.5 125 19.2 Shot Monster 16 140 8.8 Effect of Caffeine on Heart Rate 95 90 85 80 Normal Heart Rate (before caffe ine) 75 Heart Rate (25 min after) 70 Control Mt. Dew Arizona Starbucks Monster Iced Tea Double Shot Voltage Type of Caffienated Beverage This graph shows how Simarpreet's heart rate was affected before and 25 minutes after she drank a caffeinated beverage. The control test was when no caffeine was consumed. Based on the graph above: Explain how the various type of caffeinated beverages have effect on the heart rate. Heart Rate (bpm)arrow_forwardround to the nearest hundredth , if necessary. order: naprosyn 0.5 g PO daily supply 250 mgarrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
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