Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: To identify whether citrulline is encountered in the (1) urea cycle, (2) heme degradation process, or (3) oxidative deamination reaction.
Concept introduction: A urea cycle is a cyclic biochemical pathway that involves the production of urea using ammonium ions and aspartate molecules as nitrogen sources. The desired product of the urea cycle is urea.
Heme potion of hemoglobin undergoes a stepwise degradation to biliverdin, to bilirubin, and then to bile pigments that are excreted from the body.
A biochemical reaction in which an
(b)
Interpretation: To identify whether glutamate is encountered in the (1) urea cycle, (2) heme degradation process, or (3) oxidative deamination reaction.
Concept introduction: A urea cycle is a cyclic biochemical pathway that involves the production of urea using ammonium ions and aspartate molecules as nitrogen sources. The desired product of the urea cycle is urea.
Heme potion of hemoglobin undergoes a stepwise degradation to biliverdin, to bilirubin, and then to bile pigments that are excreted from the body.
A biochemical reaction in which an
(c)
Interpretation: To identify whether bilirubin is encountered in the (1) urea cycle, (2) heme degradation process, or (3) oxidative deamination reaction.
Concept introduction: A urea cycle is a cyclic biochemical pathway that involves the production of urea using ammonium ions and aspartate molecules as nitrogen sources. The desired product of the urea cycle is urea.
Heme potion of hemoglobin undergoes a stepwise degradation to biliverdin, to bilirubin, and then to bile pigments that are excreted from the body.
A biochemical reaction in which an
(d)
Interpretation: To identify whether ammonium ion is encountered in the (1) urea cycle, (2) heme degradation process, or (3) oxidative deamination reaction.
Concept introduction: A urea cycle is a cyclic biochemical pathway that involves the production of urea using ammonium ions and aspartate molecules as nitrogen sources. The desired product of the urea cycle is urea.
Heme potion of hemoglobin undergoes a stepwise degradation to biliverdin, to bilirubin, and then to bile pigments that are excreted from the body.
A biochemical reaction in which an
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
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- The urea cycle requires all of the following components except one of them: aspartate, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I, ATP, citrulline/ornithine transporter and isocitrate. Identify the component. Explain the sequence of urea cycle using the required components and enzymes essential for each step of the cycle.arrow_forwarda) What is the role of the lysosome in degrading proteins? What are the enzymes that degrade/hydrolyze proteins? How does the further degradation of amino acids occur?b) Explain the urea cycle and summarize the steps of the urea cycle starting from carbamoyl phosphate.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding the urea cycle is true? (A) Fumarate acts as a connecting link between urea cycle and the CAC.(B) The urea cycle occurs solely in the mitochondria.(C) Citrulline and arginine reacts to form argininosuccinate.(D) Ornithine formed in the last reaction of the urea cycle is excreted from the body along with urea.(E) The purpose of the urea cycle is to produce energy (4 ATP per ammonia that enters) for the liver.arrow_forward
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- In order to function as a coenzyme, a derivative of pyridoxine (Vit. B6) is necessary. a.transamination b.Deamination by oxidation c. transamination as well as oxidative deamination are involved. d.The urea cycle is the fourth step.arrow_forwardName the enzyme whose substrate is(a) Urea (b) Cellulosearrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. sdLDL b. oxLDL c. cytochrome P450 d. atheroma e. abetalipoproteinemiaarrow_forward
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