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(a)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the given transformation is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The decarboxylation of amino acid involves the removal of the carboxyl group with the release of a carbon dioxide molecule. In
(b)
Interpretation:
The group that served as an electron sink for the decarboxylation mechanism is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The decarboxylation of amino acid involves the removal of the carboxyl group with the release of carbon dioxide molecule. In organic chemistry, it is known in many name reactions. In photosynthesis, the first step is the addition of carbon dioxide which is the reverse step of decarboxylation and is known as carboxylation process.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- (a) Explain why an alkylamine is more basic than ammonia?(b) How would you convert(i) Aniline to nitrobenzene (ii) Aniline to iodobenzenearrow_forward(a) Which is more reactive towards Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS)? (b) Which of the following is a a meta-substituted compound? (c) Which is the least reactive towards Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS)? (d) Which is an ortho-substituted compound?arrow_forward(b) Explain why`the 'H-NMR of primary amides experience observable broadening of. –NH protons.arrow_forward
- (a) Highlight four significant reasons why porphyrin derivatives are a popular Ochoice as photosensitizers in photo- thermal cancer therapy.arrow_forwardFrom the given structures which is(a) an acid halide? (b) a secondary amide (c) an aldehyde incapable of self-aldol consensation?arrow_forwardال | A) B) ID) 5. (5) Provide the curved-arrow mechanism to account for the following imine formation through nucleophile addition. } H₂N acetic acid HO acetic acidarrow_forward
- Give reasons :(i) Electrophilic substitution in aromatic amines takes place more readily than benzene.(ii) CH3CONH2 is weaker base than CH3CH2NH2.arrow_forward(d) Would the polymer C be expected to undergo a non-chain scission degradation reaction or a photooxidative degradative process? Explain your answer fully.arrow_forwardAnswer BOTH parts of this question. (a) Briefly explain the origin of amine basicity. Using resonance structures explain why aniline is a weaker base than methylamine. (b) Draw the structure of compound X and provide a curly arrow mechanism for the reduction in Scheme 1. X 1. NaBH4 2. H₂O Scheme 1 OHarrow_forward
- Outline all steps in a malonic ester synthesis of each of the following: (a) pentanoic acid, (b) 2-methylpentanoic acid, and (c) 4-methylpentanoic acid.arrow_forward2. (a) This problem deals with the acidity of amines, not their basicity (or the acidity of their conjugate acids). While cyclohexylamine is a normal amine and is an extremely weak acid (pKa ~36), aniline (Ph-NH2) is somewhat more acidic, with a pKa of ~28. Explain this observation by comparing both ơ- and Tt-effects on the acidity of these two amines. (b) Similar to phenols, substituted derivatives of aniline have explainable shifts in pKa. Explain the following pKas based on the o- and t-effects of the -OCH3 substituent. o-Methoxyaniline: 26 m-Methoxyaniline: 26 p-Methoxyaniline: 29 Here are the pKas (for the N-H bond, not O-H) for the hydroxyanilines: o-Hydroxyaniline: 33 m-Hydroxyaniline: 29 p-Hydroxyaniline: 30 (c) Briefly explain why all three of these pKas are above 28. (d) Explain why the o- isomer is the highest. (e) Make predictions for the pKas of the three cyano-anilines, and provide explanations. Use actual numbers, but only the trend and your explanations will be graded.…arrow_forward2. (a) Define fused heterocyclic compounds with an examples. Write the structure and uses of Furar, (b) Show the structure and medicinal uses of Pyridine derivative. (c) What is dinzines? Give the chemical reactions of Pyrimidine. 3. (a) Explain Reimer-Tiemann Synthesis of Pyrrole. Outline the Skraups Synthesis of Quinoline. (b) Demonstrate the addition and condensation method of polymerization. (c) Write down the application of polymers any two.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
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