a.
To determine:
Whether the different genes for transfer RNA in human beings possess different types of functions.
Introduction:
The transfer RNA (Ribonucleic acid) possess anticodon region which binds with the codon region of messenger RNA and help in the process of translation. The human genome contains an average of about 500 genes for the transfer RNA.
b.
To determine:
The reason due to which the genome of human beings undergo so many modifications and evolutions to house an ample number of transfer RNA genes.
Introduction:
Numerous transfer RNA are housed by the human genome. All the transfer RNA help in the process of translation by carrying various amino acids from the amino acid pool.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
- If the genetic code used 4 bases at a time, how many amino acids could be encoded?arrow_forwardDraw a simple schematic of a tRNA molecule showing its two "business" ends.arrow_forwardIf you know the sequence of amino acids in a protein, what does the genetic code table allow you to infer about the sequence of base pairs in the gene that specifies that protein?arrow_forward
- If the mRNA produced had the sequence ACGCGU, What would be the tRNA anticodon sequence?arrow_forwardA molecular geneticist hopes to find a Gene in human liver cell that codes for an important blood-clotting protein,he knows that the nucleotide sequence of a small part of the Gene is GTGGACTGACA.briefly explain how to obtain genearrow_forwardConsidering prokaryotes, what is the enzyme that links the tRNA molecules to its correct or cognate amino acid?arrow_forward
- The image below shows the base cytosine and a methylated form of cytosine that occurs frequently in the human genome. Use your knowledge of DNA structure to answer the following questions: a) Does methylation of cytosine affect its ability to base-pair with guanine? Explain your answer. b) Would methylation of cytosine affect the binding of a protein that interacts with a C-G base-pair in the major groove?arrow_forwardThe image below shows the base cytosine and a methylated form of cytosine that occurs frequently in the human genome. Use your knowledge of DNA structure to answer the following question: a) Does methylation of cytosine affect its ability to base-pair with guanine? Explain b) Could methylation of cytosine affect the binding of a protein that interacts with a C-G base-pair in the major groove? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardGeneticists have found that when they cut out a eukaryotic gene from genomic DNA that they can hybridize one of the strands of that gene to the mRNA for that gene by allowing the strands to hydrogen bond. Why did the appearance of these hybridized strands provide evidence of the existence of introns in eukaryotic genes?arrow_forward
- a. There are three nucleotides in each codon, and eachof these nucleotides can have one of four different bases. How many possible unique codons are there?b. If DNA had only two types of bases instead offour, how long would codons need to be to specify all20 amino acids?arrow_forwardConsider a protein that has all the 20 common amino acids in its primary sequence. Explain three ways you can mutate the protein to make it more stable. What amino acids should be mutated and why the mutations will make the protein more stable.arrow_forwardexplain why a mutation in the dna nucleotide sequence that corresponds to the 3rd nitrogen base in the mrna codon is not as serious as a mutation in the dna that corresponds to the first nitrogen base in the mrna codonarrow_forward
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