Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780470917855
Author: Bergman, Theodore L./
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 8.96P
Consider the air healer of Problem 8.38, but now with airflow through the annulus and steam flow through the inner tube. For the prescribed conditions and an outer tube diameter of
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QUESTION 3
A multi-stage steam turbine exhausts into a two-pass surface
condenser operating at a pressure of 10kPa. The steam enters
the condenser with a dryness fraction of 0.85 and the condensate
leaves the condenser at a temperature of 34.6°C. The tubes have
an inside diameter of 18mm and a wall thickness of 1mm. Coolina
water circulates through the tubes at a speed of 1.2m/s. The stean
flows through the condenser at a rate of 2400kg/hr and air leaks
into the system at a rate of 0.5kg/1000kg of steam condensed.
Calculate:
3.1
the capacity of the air pump in m2/min.
6. Fluid in a round tube of radius R has a temperature profile of T = To(1+
:) and a velocity profile
of u = uo(1 – ).
(a) Calculate the mixed mean temperature.
(b) Calculate the temperature you would get if you stopped the flow, dumped all the fluid in the tube
into a cup, and mixed it until the temperature was uniform.
(c) Explain why your answers to (a) and (b) are not the same.
Determine the expected Fanning friction factor for water at 28 degrees Celsius, flowing through a smooth tube with a ID of 15 mm at a velocity of 0.3 m/s.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Ch. 8 - Fully developed conditions are known to exist for...Ch. 8 - What is the pressure drop associated with water at...Ch. 8 - Water at 27C flows with a mean velocity of 1 m/s...Ch. 8 - An engine oil cooler consists of a bundle of 25...Ch. 8 - For fully developed laminar flow through a...Ch. 8 - Consider pressurized water, engine oil (unused),...Ch. 8 - Velocity and temperature profiles for laminar flow...Ch. 8 - At a particular axial station, velocity and...Ch. 8 - In Chapter 1, it was stated that for...Ch. 8 - When viscous dissipation is included. Equation...
Ch. 8 - Consider a circular tube of diameter D and length...Ch. 8 - Consider flow in a circular tube. Within the test...Ch. 8 - Consider a cylindrical nuclear fuel rod of length...Ch. 8 - Consider the laminar thermal boundary layer...Ch. 8 - In a particular application involving fluid flow...Ch. 8 - A flat-plate solar collector is used w heat...Ch. 8 - Atmospheric air enters the heated section of a...Ch. 8 - Fluid enters a tube with a flow rate of 0.015kg/s...Ch. 8 - Water at 300 K and a flow rate of 5kg/s enters a...Ch. 8 - Slug flow is an idealized tube flow condition for...Ch. 8 - Superimposing a control volume that is...Ch. 8 - An experimental nuclear core simulation apparatus...Ch. 8 - Water at 20°C and a flow rate of 0.1kg/s enters a...Ch. 8 - Engine oil is heated by flowing through a circular...Ch. 8 - Engine oil flows through a 25mm -diameter tube at...Ch. 8 - In the final stages of production, a...Ch. 8 - An oil preheater consists of a single tube of 10mm...Ch. 8 - Engine oil flows at a rate of 1kg/s through a 5mm...Ch. 8 - Air at p=1atm enters a thin-walled ( D=5-mm...Ch. 8 - To cool a summer home without using a vapor...Ch. 8 - Batch processes are often used in chemical and...Ch. 8 - The evaporator section of a heat pump is installed...Ch. 8 - Water flowing at 2kg/s through a 40mm diameter...Ch. 8 - Consider the conditions associated with the hot...Ch. 8 - A thick-walled, stainless steel (AISI 316) pipe of...Ch. 8 - An air heater for an industrial application...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed conditions in a circular...Ch. 8 - Consider the encased pipe of Problem 4.29, but now...Ch. 8 - Water flows through a thick-wailed tube with an...Ch. 8 - Atmospheric air enters a 10m -long. 150mm...Ch. 8 - NaK (45%/55). which is an alloy of sodium and...Ch. 8 - The products of combustion from a burner are...Ch. 8 - Liquid mercury at 0.5kg/s is lo be heated from 300...Ch. 8 - The surface of a 50-mm-diameter. thin-walled tube...Ch. 8 - Consider a horizontal, thin-walled circular tube...Ch. 8 - Consider pressurized liquid water flowing at...Ch. 8 - Cooling water flows through the 25.4-mm -diameter...Ch. 8 - The air passage for cooling a gas turbine vane can...Ch. 8 - The core of a high-temperature, gas-cooled nuclear...Ch. 8 - Air at 200kPa enters a 2-m -long, thin-walled tube...Ch. 8 - Heated air required for a food-drying process is...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow of a fluid with Pr=4 that...Ch. 8 - A common procedure for cooling a high-performance...Ch. 8 - One way to cool chips mounted on the circuit...Ch. 8 - Refrigerant- 134a is being transported a 0.1 kg/s...Ch. 8 - Oil at 150°C flows slowly through a long,...Ch. 8 - Exhaust gases from a wire processing oven are...Ch. 8 - A hot fluid passes through a thin-walled tube of...Ch. 8 - Consider a thin-walled tube of 10mm diameter and...Ch. 8 - Water at a flow rate of m =0.215kg/s is cooled...Ch. 8 - To maintain pump power requirements per unit flow...Ch. 8 - Consider a thin-walled, metallic tube of length...Ch. 8 - A circular tube of diameter D=0.2mm and length...Ch. 8 - Repeat Problem 8.66 for a circular tube of...Ch. 8 - Heat is to be removed from a reaction vessel...Ch. 8 - A healing contractor must heat 0.2kg/s of water...Ch. 8 - A thin-walled tube with a diameter of 6 mm and...Ch. 8 - A 50mm -diameter, thin—walled metal pipe covered...Ch. 8 - A thin-walled, uninsulated 0.3m -diameter duct is...Ch. 8 - Pressurized water at Tm,i=200C is pumped at...Ch. 8 - Water at 290K and 0.2kg/s flows through a Teflon...Ch. 8 - The temperature of flue gases flowing through the...Ch. 8 - In a biomedical supplies manufacturing process, a...Ch. 8 - Consider the ground source heat pump of Problem...Ch. 8 - For a sharp-edged inlet and a combined entry...Ch. 8 - Fluid enters a thin-walled rube of 5-mni diameter...Ch. 8 - Air at 3104kg/s and 27C enters a rectangular duct...Ch. 8 - Air at 25C flows at 30106kg/s within 100mm -long...Ch. 8 - A cold plate is an active cooling device that is...Ch. 8 - The cold plate design of Problem 8.82 has not been...Ch. 8 - A device that recovers heat from high-temperature...Ch. 8 - Air at 1 atm and 285K enters a 2-m -long...Ch. 8 - A double-wall heat exchanger is used to transfer...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar, fully developed flow in a...Ch. 8 - You have been asked to perform a feasibility study...Ch. 8 - A coolant flows through a rectangular channel...Ch. 8 - An electronic circuit board dissipating 50W is...Ch. 8 - To slow down large prime movers like locomotives,...Ch. 8 - A printed circuit board (PCB) is cooled by...Ch. 8 - Water at m=0.02kg/s and Tm,i=20C enters an annular...Ch. 8 - tFor the conditions of Problem 8.93, how tong must...Ch. 8 - Referring 10 Figure 8.11, consider conditions in...Ch. 8 - Consider the air healer of Problem 8.38, but now...Ch. 8 - Consider a concentric tube annulus for which the...Ch. 8 - It is common practice (o recover waste heat from...Ch. 8 - A concentric lube arrangement, for which the inner...Ch. 8 - Consider sterilization of the pharmaceutical...Ch. 8 - An engineer proposes to insert a solid rod of...Ch. 8 - An electrical power transformer of diameter 230mm...Ch. 8 - A bayonet cooler is used to reduce the temperature...Ch. 8 - The mold used in an injection molding process...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.107PCh. 8 - Prob. 8.108PCh. 8 - Consider the microchannel cooling arrangement...Ch. 8 - The onset of turbulence in a gas flowing within a...Ch. 8 - Due to its comparatively large thermal...Ch. 8 - A novel scheme for dissipating heat from the chips...Ch. 8 - An experiment is designed to study microscale...Ch. 8 - Determine the tube diameter that corresponds to a...Ch. 8 - An experiment is devised to measure liquid flow...Ch. 8 - In the processing of very long plastic tubes of...Ch. 8 - Air at 300K and a flow rate of 3kg/h passes upward...Ch. 8 - What is the convection mass transfer coefficient...Ch. 8 - Air flowing through a tube of 75mm diameter passes...Ch. 8 - Consider gas flow of mass density and rate m...Ch. 8 - Atmospheric air at 25C and 3104kg/s flows through...Ch. 8 - Air at 25C and 1atm is in fully developed flow at...Ch. 8 - A humidifier consists of a bundle of vertical...Ch. 8 - The final step of a manufacturing process in which...Ch. 8 - Dry air is inhaled at a rate of lo liter/win...Ch. 8 - A mass transfer Operation is preceded by laminar...
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- QS: Water at 15.56°C i to be heated in a 2-mm-ID tube until the exit temperature reaches 26.67+C. The tube wall temperature is maintained at 48.99-C and the inlet flow velocity is 0.3 m/s. Calculate the length of tube required in meters to accomplish this heating. Also calculate the total heating required, expressed in watts. Answers: L=0.13 marrow_forwardIn a concentric-pipe heat exchanger, one of the fluids is a condensing vapour and theother is the coolant. Sketch the variation in fluid temperatures of two fluids as theyflow through the heat exchanger. Indicate clearly the inlet and outlet of the coolantand its direction of flow.arrow_forwardFlow Characteristics (Entrance Effect) -Why is the Δ P/ L Line extrapolated to the tube entrance for the calculation of the entrance loss coefficient, KL ?arrow_forward
- 8.36 Liquid mercury at o.25 kg/s is to be heated from 325 to 375 K by passing it through a 25-mm-diameter tube whose surface is maintained at 400 K. Calculate the required tube length by using an appropriate liquid metal convection heat transfer correlation. Compare your result with that which would have been obtained by using a correlation appropriate for Pr z 0.7.arrow_forwardEngine oil flows at a rate of 0.95 kg/s through a tube of 119 mm inside diameter and is heated from 293 to 327 K by condensing steam at 373 K. For the described case answer the following:i. Identify the type of flow and explain briefly about the flow with suitable assumptions & sketches.ii. Determine the inside heat transfer coefficient and rate of heat transfer per meter length of pipe for the identified flow pattern.arrow_forwardA two effect system of evaporators with parallel forward feed flow of liquid and vapor is to be designed to concentrate continuously 10,000 Ib/h of a 10% by weight solution to 40%, the feed being at 150 °F. It is planned to use saturated steam condensing at 220 °F. Specific Heat of feed liquor is 0.9, while that leaving the first effect is equal to the average specific heat of feed and product. The overall heat transfer coefficients are 300 and 400 BTU/(f2-hr-°F) for the first and second effects respectively. The latent heat of vaporization for the vapor leaving the first effect is 1002.3 BTU/lb and 1020 BTU/lb for the second. Calculate for the steam economy and the heat transfer area in each effect. Given: (1) Required: andarrow_forward
- With the pipe system in the figure, the water taken from a very large reservoir is poured into the atmosphere. Pipe diameters are 0.3 m in wide parts and 0.25 m in narrow parts. Assuming ideal flow and absolute evaporation pressure of 0.02 kg/cm2; a-) When X=2.5 m, determine the flow rate of the system and the velocities in sections 2 and 4. b-) Calculate the pressures in parts 1,2 and 3. c-) Calculate the maximum value that X elevation can take without changing the flow of the system.arrow_forwardConsider pressurized water, engine oil (unused), and Nak (22%/78%) flowing in a 20-mm-diameter tube. (a) Determine the mean velocity, in m/s, the hydrodynamic entry length, in m, and the thermal entry length, in m, for each of the fluids when the fluid temperature is 366 K and the flow rate is 0.01 kg/s. (b) Determine the mass flow rate, in kg/s, the hydrodynamic entry length, in m, and the thermal entry length, in m, for water and engine oil at 300 and 400 K and a mean velocity of 0.022 m/s. Part A Determine the mean velocity, in m/s, the hydrodynamic entry length, in m, and the thermal entry length, in m, for each of the fluids when the fluid temperature is 366K and the flow rate is 0.01 kg/s. Liquid Um (m/s) Xfdh (m) Xfd,t (m) water i engine oil i i i Nak iarrow_forward2. A rod of radius ni is placed concentrically inside a sleeve of radius ro. Incompressible fluid fills the clearance between the rod and the sleeve. The sleeve is maintained at uniform temperature To while rotating with constant angular velocity o. Taking into consideration dissipation, determine the maximum fluid temperature and surface heat flux at the sleeve. Assume incompressible laminar flow and neglect end effects. stationaryarrow_forward
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