Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8.1, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The holocrine cells or glands are formed from a specific type of cells that function to accumulate the product and then undergo disintegrations. The secretion produced from the holocrine glands is viscous in nature and consists of cellular fragments along with the fluid matter.
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A cell expresses a transmembrane protein that is cleaved at the plasma
membrane to release an extracellular fragment. The fragment binds to receptor proteins on nearby cells and activates signaling pathways resulting in altered gene expression patterns in the cells. What form of intercellular signaling does this represent?
Contact-dependent?
Paracrine?
Synaptic?
Endocrine?
Autocrine?
A cell releases a ligand that travels through the extracellular matrix to a nearby target cell. There, the ligand binds to a receptor on the target cells membrane. This is an example of _______ signaling using a _______ ligand.
paracrine ; hydrophobic
paracrine ; hydrophillic
endocrine ; hydrophobic
endocrine ; hydrophillic
autocrine ; hydrophobic
autocrine ; hydrophillic
. Hedgehog, the signal, does not travel very far to bind to its receptor, Patched, on target cells.Therefore, target cells that are closer to the signaling cell receive a stronger signal. What modeof signaling does this describe?A. EndocrineB. Paracrine/AutocrineC. SynapticD. Contact-dependentExplain:
Chapter 8 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 8.1 - What is the signaling molecule in this example?Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.1 - A general reason for cell signaling is to respond...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 8.3 - What has to happen for the a and subunits of the...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.3 - After a G-protein-coupled receptor is activated,...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Look ahead to Figures 13.9 and, in particular,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 1TYCh. 8 - Prob. 2TYCh. 8 - Prob. 3TYCh. 8 - Prob. 4TYCh. 8 - Which of the following is not an example of a cell...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6TYCh. 8 - The EGF receptor functions as a receptor tyrosine...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYCh. 8 - The benefit of second messengers in signal...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 8 - Discuss and compare several different types of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Which chemical signaling affects neighboring cells? Group of answer choices neuron autocrine endocrine paracrinearrow_forwardDescribe how a cell can chemically communicate with other cells using the following modes of communication: gap junctions, contact signaling, autocrine & paracrine signaling, hormones, neurotransmitters, neurohormones.arrow_forwardA cell within organ A expresses a protein that is secreted from the cell and travels through the organism’s blood stream to a cell on a distant organ B. The protein binds to a receptor protein on the cell surface of organ B and activates an intracellular signaling pathway resulting in altered gene expression patterns in the cells. What form of intercellular signaling does this represent? Contact-dependent? Paracrine? Synaptic? Endocrine? Autocrine?arrow_forward
- Nitric oxide produced by the endothelial layer of blood vessels stimulates the smooth muscle layer underneath to relax, leading to widening of blood vessel lumen and subsequent decrease in blood pressure. This type of cellular communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells is an example of what type of chemical signaling?arrow_forwardThe propagation and reception of signals between nerve cells must happen quickly, in order for an organism to respond to stimuli appropriately. Because of that, the majority of neurotransmitters fall into which category? -Autocrine -Paracrine -Endocrine -Direct signalingarrow_forwardA drug binds to a receptor and causes an immediate change in the electrical signaling or excitability of that cell, without activating another signaling molecule. What type of receptor is this drug most likely binding to? G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) Ligand-gated ion channel Enzyme-coupled receptor Intracellular receptor Voltage-gated ion channelarrow_forward
- If a person gets covid, which cell signaling route will be activated.arrow_forwardUp-regulation of the reception in the cell signaling means:arrow_forwardReceived information is called a transduced signal because: this process often has many steps of information conversion. it is then converted into other electrical forms. it is then converted into other chemical forms. many different molecules form a signaling cascade. it is then converted into other chemicals during metabolism.arrow_forward
- Cell signaling involves only one molecule, the receptor. True Falsearrow_forwardCells communicate in ways that resemble humancommunication. Decide which of the following forms ofhuman communication are analogous to autocrine, para-crine, endocrine, and synaptic signaling by cells.A. A telephone conversationB. Talking to people at a cocktail partyC. A radio announcementD. Talking to yourselfarrow_forwardWhich of these is NOT a response that occurs when an intercellular chemical signal binds to a membrane-bound receptor? 1. Enzymes at the inner surface of the cell are directly activated. 2. Ion channels open or close. 3. Enzymes add phosphate groups to certain proteins in the cell. 4. The chemical signal and receptor bind to DNA in the nucleus. 5. Activated G proteins activate enzymes that produce intracellular messengers.arrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license