Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8.3, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Receptors can bind only with their specific molecules. So, message molecules fit together with their receptors like a key in a lock. The importance of this linkage is that only those cells would respond to the signals that have the receptors for message molecules. The appropriate binding of the message molecule and receptors would initiate a chain of reactions in specific target cells that helps the cell to respond to the message.
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When signals bind to the protein receptors,
it depends if the receptor is found on the nuclear or cell membrane.
genes are turned on or off.
gates open up and then there is a cellular response, such as an action potential.
the receptor changes its shape in order to bind the signal and to function.
Hydrophobic signaling molecules act by
a. binding to plasma proteins
b. starting second messenger systems
c. binding to receptors inside the cell
d. starting action potentials
Which of the following does NOT generally lead to a phosphate cascade?
A. active transport pumps
B. ligand-gated ion channels
C. receptor tyrosine kinases
D. G protein-coupled receptors
Chapter 8 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 8.1 - What is the signaling molecule in this example?Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.1 - A general reason for cell signaling is to respond...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 8.3 - What has to happen for the a and subunits of the...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.3 - After a G-protein-coupled receptor is activated,...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Look ahead to Figures 13.9 and, in particular,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 1TYCh. 8 - Prob. 2TYCh. 8 - Prob. 3TYCh. 8 - Prob. 4TYCh. 8 - Which of the following is not an example of a cell...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6TYCh. 8 - The EGF receptor functions as a receptor tyrosine...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYCh. 8 - The benefit of second messengers in signal...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 8 - Discuss and compare several different types of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Which of the following utilizes receptors that are located in the cytosol? Steroid Hormone Signaling GPCR Singaling Ion channel signaling RTK Singalingarrow_forwardwhen a chemical messenger (or ligand) reaches a target cell, it binds to a receptor. A hydrophobic ligand binds to a(n) _______, whereas a hydrophilic ligand binds to a(n)_________. a. agonist receptor; antagonic receptor b. transmembrane receptor; intracellular receptor c. antagonist receptor; agonist receptor d. intracellular receptor; transmembrane receptorarrow_forwardA cell within organ A expresses a protein that is secreted from the cell and travels through the organism’s blood stream to a cell on a distant organ B. The protein binds to a receptor protein on the cell surface of organ B and activates an intracellular signaling pathway resulting in altered gene expression patterns in the cells. What form of intercellular signaling does this represent? Contact-dependent? Paracrine? Synaptic? Endocrine? Autocrine?arrow_forward
- A biochemist is designing a new drug that will mimic the shape and function of a particular intercellular signaling molecule. Therefore she must produce a molecule that will bind to the receptor protein and... A. produce a cellular response by altering the Na+/K+ pump located near the receptor site. B. induce a change in the receptor molecule shape, which will ultimately prevent a cellular response. C. induce a change in the receptor molecule shape, which will ultimately produce a cellular response. D. induce a change in the phospholipid bilayer that causes a polar reversal allowing the molecules to be endocytose (engulfed).arrow_forwardA cell expresses a transmembrane protein that is cleaved at the plasma membrane to release an extracellular fragment. The fragment binds to receptor proteins on nearby cells and activates signaling pathways resulting in altered gene expression patterns in the cells. What form of intercellular signaling does this represent? Contact-dependent? Paracrine? Synaptic? Endocrine? Autocrine?arrow_forwardCalcium and Chlorine are an important part of your diet. Describe the processes they participate in. Be sure to name receptors, channels, signaling molecules and processes.arrow_forward
- Received information is called a transduced signal because: this process often has many steps of information conversion. it is then converted into other electrical forms. it is then converted into other chemical forms. many different molecules form a signaling cascade. it is then converted into other chemicals during metabolism.arrow_forwardAll except which one of the following can be a function of the heterotrimeric G protein of a GPCR? a) inhibit adenylyl cyclase b) activate adenylyl cyclase c) act as a protein kinase d) activate ion channelsarrow_forwardThe receptors for steroid hormones and peptide hormones are fundamentally different because a. of the great difference in size of the molecule. b. peptides are one of the four major polymers and steroids are simple ringed structures. c. peptides are hydrophilic and steroids are hydrophobic. d. peptides are hydrophobic and steroids are hydrophilic.arrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license