Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8.2, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A receptor is a molecule that is present inside or on the surface of the cell. This receptor molecule binds to its compatible signal molecule or ligand and initiates a cellular response that brings about a physiological process.
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A cell releases a ligand that travels through the extracellular matrix to a nearby target cell. There, the ligand binds to a receptor on the target cells membrane. This is an example of _______ signaling using a _______ ligand.
paracrine ; hydrophobic
paracrine ; hydrophillic
endocrine ; hydrophobic
endocrine ; hydrophillic
autocrine ; hydrophobic
autocrine ; hydrophillic
When signals bind to the protein receptors,
it depends if the receptor is found on the nuclear or cell membrane.
genes are turned on or off.
gates open up and then there is a cellular response, such as an action potential.
the receptor changes its shape in order to bind the signal and to function.
A drug binds to a receptor and causes an immediate change in the electrical signaling or excitability of that cell, without activating another signaling molecule. What type of receptor is this drug most likely binding to?
G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)
Ligand-gated ion channel
Enzyme-coupled receptor
Intracellular receptor
Voltage-gated ion channel
Chapter 8 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 8.1 - What is the signaling molecule in this example?Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.1 - A general reason for cell signaling is to respond...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 8.3 - What has to happen for the a and subunits of the...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.3 - After a G-protein-coupled receptor is activated,...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Look ahead to Figures 13.9 and, in particular,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 1TYCh. 8 - Prob. 2TYCh. 8 - Prob. 3TYCh. 8 - Prob. 4TYCh. 8 - Which of the following is not an example of a cell...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6TYCh. 8 - The EGF receptor functions as a receptor tyrosine...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYCh. 8 - The benefit of second messengers in signal...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 8 - Discuss and compare several different types of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- The receptors for steroid hormones and peptide hormones are fundamentally different because a. of the great difference in size of the molecule. b. peptides are one of the four major polymers and steroids are simple ringed structures. c. peptides are hydrophilic and steroids are hydrophobic. d. peptides are hydrophobic and steroids are hydrophilic.arrow_forwardInsulin is a peptide (protein) hormone. As such, which of the following would be the most likely receptor for this signaling hormone? Select one: a. A transmembrane receptor in the cell membrane b. An intracellular receptorarrow_forwardWhich of the following utilizes receptors that are located in the cytosol? Steroid Hormone Signaling GPCR Singaling Ion channel signaling RTK Singalingarrow_forward
- A signal transduction pathway leads to the regulation of one or more cellular activities. What does that mean? Explain in your own words step by step (as simpler as possible)arrow_forwardNitric oxide produced by the endothelial layer of blood vessels stimulates the smooth muscle layer underneath to relax, leading to widening of blood vessel lumen and subsequent decrease in blood pressure. This type of cellular communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells is an example of what type of chemical signaling?arrow_forwardA cell expresses a transmembrane protein that is cleaved at the plasma membrane to release an extracellular fragment. The fragment binds to receptor proteins on nearby cells and activates signaling pathways resulting in altered gene expression patterns in the cells. What form of intercellular signaling does this represent? Contact-dependent? Paracrine? Synaptic? Endocrine? Autocrine?arrow_forward
- Relaying a message from a receptor protein to a molecule that performs a specific function within a cell is called ______. selective permeability signal transduction inhibition self-recognitionarrow_forwardWhat happens when a signaling molecule binds to a receptor on a responding cell?arrow_forwardAfter it has been activated a G-protein _______. moves along the inside of the cell's membrane and activates enzymes binds to its receptor in the cell's nucleus and initiates translation travels in the bloodstream to its target cell and then binds to its receptor binds to a receptor on a nearby cell and then activates multiple proteinsarrow_forward
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