Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 10TY
The benefit of second messengers in signal transduction pathways is
- an increase in the speed of a cellular response.
- duplication of the ligands in the system.
- amplification of the signal.
- all of the above.
- a and c only.
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A signal transduction pathway leads to the regulation of one or more cellular activities. What does that mean?
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QUESTION:
Drugs and other medecine uses the concept of signaling. Cite some drugs how they mimic natural signal molecules.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 8.1 - What is the signaling molecule in this example?Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.1 - A general reason for cell signaling is to respond...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 8.3 - What has to happen for the a and subunits of the...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.3 - After a G-protein-coupled receptor is activated,...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Look ahead to Figures 13.9 and, in particular,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 1TYCh. 8 - Prob. 2TYCh. 8 - Prob. 3TYCh. 8 - Prob. 4TYCh. 8 - Which of the following is not an example of a cell...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6TYCh. 8 - The EGF receptor functions as a receptor tyrosine...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYCh. 8 - The benefit of second messengers in signal...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 8 - Discuss and compare several different types of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- When signals bind to the protein receptors, it depends if the receptor is found on the nuclear or cell membrane. genes are turned on or off. gates open up and then there is a cellular response, such as an action potential. the receptor changes its shape in order to bind the signal and to function.arrow_forwardDrugs and other medicine uses the concept of signaling. Cite some drugs how they mimic natural signal molecules. EXPLAIN EXTRENSIVELYarrow_forwardSignal transduction pathways benefit cells for all of the following reasons except : a. they enable different cells to respond appropriately to the same signal. b. they can amplify and diversify a signal. c. they help cells use up phosphate generated by ATP breakdown. d. they help cells respond to signal molecules that are too large or too polar to cross the plasma membranearrow_forward
- How is an extracellular signal converted to an intracellular signal in signal transduction? Give a specific example.arrow_forwardSelect the correct order of signal transduction / cell communication / cell signaling. Reception - Response - Amplification Amplification - Reception - Response Response - Reception - Amplification Reception - Amplification - Responsearrow_forwardCompound C is a pharmaceutical agent that blocks AMPK activity. How might compound C influence adaptation following resistance exercise? How might compound C influence adaptation following endurance exercise? Be specific and remember this section is Molecular Signalingarrow_forward
- Each adenylyl cyclase molecule produces many cAMP molecules in an example of (a) receptor up-regulation (b) receptor down-regulation (c) signal amplification (d) scaffolding (e) similarities produced by evolutionarrow_forwardWhen a signaling molecule binds to a receptor located in the cell membrane, the signal / information is carried further into the cell via the receptor. The signal / information will lead to some type of change inside in cells in response to the signal it received. What this change is depends on the type of signaling molecule that binds to the cell (but may also depend on the type of cell that the signaling molecule binds to). In some cases, the change that takes place in the cell will be rapid and take a few seconds off that the signaling molecule binds to the receptor until the change takes place (fast signaling pathway). In some cases the change will take much longer, perhaps several hours from the time the signaling molecule binds to the receptor until the change occurs in the cell (slow signaling pathway). Explain how the signal path would be be able to look when it is fast and what it could look like when it is slow.arrow_forwardDuring cell signaling, binding of a ligand to the outside of a cell leads to: A. A signal being sent inside the cell B. The ligand being transported into the cell C. A and B D. None of the abovearrow_forward
- During signal transduction (a) the cell converts an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal that leads to a change in some cell process (b) a signaling molecule directly activates or represses several genes (c) each enzymecatalyzes production of one molecule of product (d) enzymes in the signal cascade remain active until the last component of the pathway alters a cellular process (e) the signal is terminated by cyclic AMParrow_forwardWhy is the lifetime of second messengers so crucial to signaling efficiency? Example: Genetically engineering a second messenger by increasing its lifetime would decrease the efficiency of its signal in a cell's signaling system.arrow_forwardWhat event is common to ALL signal transduction pathways? A) Calcium ions bind to/ activate proteins. B) Cyclic nucleotides are formed. C) Proteins change in shape. D) Phosphates are transferred between molecules. E) Protons are transferred between molecules.arrow_forward
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