What is the standard free energy change, ∆G°, for a reaction? What is the standard free energy of formation,
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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
- Define the following: a. spontaneous process b. entropy c. positional probability d. system e. surroundings f. universearrow_forwardWhat is meant by the standard free-energy change G for a reaction? What is meant by the standard free energy of formation Gf of a substance?arrow_forwardIn muscle cells under the condition of vigorous exercise, glucose is converted to lactic acid (lactate),CH3CHOHCOOH, by the chemical reaction C6H12O6 2 CH3CHOHCOOHrG = 197 kJ/mol (a) If all of the Gibbs free energy from this reaction wereused to convert ADP to ATP, calculate how many molesof ATP could be produced per mole of glucose. (b) The actual reaction involves the production of 3 molATP per mole of glucose. Calculate the rG for thisoverall reaction. (c) Is the overall reaction in part (b) reactant-favored orproduct-favored?arrow_forward
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- Calculate the entropy change, rS, for the vaporization of ethanol, C2H5OH, at its normal boiling point, 78.0 C. The enthalpy of vaporization of ethanol is 39.3 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardUsing values of fH and S, calculate the standard molar free energy of formation, fG, for each of the following compounds: (a) CS2(g) (b) NaOH(s) (c) ICl(g) Compare your calculated values of fG with those listed in Appendix L Which of these formation reactions are predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium at 25 C?arrow_forwardSodium reacts violently with water according to the equation Na(s) + H2O() NaOH(aq) + H2(g) Without doing calculations, predict the signs of rH and rS for the reaction. Verify your prediction with a calculation.arrow_forward
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