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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Among the given statements,the statement that corrseponds to the structural characteristics of monosaccharides in which both an
Concept introduction: A carbohydrate consists of a ketone group or an aldehyde group along with polyhydroxy groups. Example of polyhydroxy aldehyde carbohydrate is glucose and that of polyhydroxy ketone carbohydrate is fructose.
(b)
Interpretation: Among the given statements, the statement that corrseponds to the structural characteristics of monosaccharides in which an aldehyde group and atleast two hydroxyl groups must be present is to be validated.
Concept introduction: A carbohydrate consists of a ketone group or an aldehyde group along with polyhydroxy groups. Example of polyhydroxy aldehyde carbohydrate is glucose and that of polyhydroxy ketone carbohydrate is fructose.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Listed below are descriptions that may belong to amylose, amylopectin, both, or it may not belong to either. Write A if it describes amylose, B if it describes amylopectin, AB if the statement applies to both, or O if it doesn’t apply to either. 1. Its monosaccharides are bound by at least one α-1,4-glycosidic bond. 2. It contains α-1,6-glycosidic bonds. 3. It can be broken down by the enzyme α-amylase. 4. A polysaccharide made up of gulose. 5. It can form a double helix.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following structural polysaccharides (amylopectin, amylose, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin fits the description given below. A specific description may apply to more than on of the polysaccharidesarrow_forwardConstruct the two enantiomeric forms/structure of the following monosaccharides and designate the handedness of each using D, L system: a. Ribulosearrow_forward
- Identify the name of each of the structures of sugar and identify as reducing or nonreducing sugar. One of the structures may be not identified from the usual structures of disaccharides. Kindly answer a, b, c, and d.You only identify the name of each structure of sugars and identify as reducing or nonreducing sugar. No explanation needed.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following structural polysaccharides (amylopectin, amylose, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin) fits the description given below. A specific description may apply to more than one of the polysaccharides. 1. Contains both a(1→4) and a(1→6) glycosidic linkages 2. Polymer chain is unbranched 3. Glucose derivatives are present in the polymer chain 4. Contains only ß(1→4) glycosidic linkagesarrow_forwardConsider the trisaccharide below and answer the following questions: но. OH OH H. OH HO Но ОН ÓH H ÓH ОН C Name of monosaccharide A (Follow this format in typing your answer: ribose): Name the glycosidic linkage between monosaccharides A and B. (strictly follow this format, do not put spaces in between: beta-1,2): Is the trisaccharide a reducing sugar? Type Yes or No: I- I-arrow_forward
- Describe the structural similarities and differences of the following pairs. Identify which of these is a structural isomer, and how to identify structural isomers. a. Glucose and Mannose b. Galactose and Fructose c. Ribulose and Xylulose d. ribose and glucosearrow_forwardDifferentiate the following: a. Essential and non-essential amino acids b. Single and conjugated proteins c. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of protein d. Monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharide e. Aldose and ketose f . Epimers and anomers g. Fats and oils h. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acidsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about monosaccharides is true? A. Monosaccharides are classified according to the location of their carbonyl group. B. The penultimate chiral center of a monosaccharide determines its handedness. C. If the carbonyl group of a monosaccharide is terminal then it will react positively with Barfoed's and Seliwanoff's tests. D. The cyclization of monosaccharides results to the formation of a cyclic ether. E. The existence of anomers is due to the mutarotation along the reference carbonarrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. lactose b. maltose c. homoglycans d. heteroglycans e. starcharrow_forward1) Below you are given the structures of the disaccharides lactose and trehalose. он он но он но но OH но но OH но он но но OH Lactose Trehalose a. Identify clearly the hemiacetal and acetal groups in these disaccharides and determine for each of these identified groups if they have a- or B-configuration. b. Identify (name) each of the following two monosaccharides A and B. OH Но HO- OH OH HO- HO OH Но B Aarrow_forwardConsider the following statements: (1) Complete hydrolysis of a disaccharide produces only monosaccharides. (2) Dihydroxyacetone, galactose, and ribose are all hexoses. (3) Both amylopectin and glycogen are branched glucose polymers. Only one of the statements is true. Two of the three statements are true. All three statements are true. None of the statements are true.arrow_forward
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