Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The validation about the amylose form of starch being a homopolysaccharide has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: A
(b)
Interpretation: The validation about the amylose form of starch that it contains two different types of monosaccharide molecules has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: A polymer in which many monosaccharide units are joined together by glycosidic linkages is known as a polysaccharide. Starch is a storage polysaccharide found in plant cells. Starch contains two different polyglucose polysaccharides: amylose and amylopectin.
(c)
Interpretation: The validation about the amylose form of starch that it is a
Concept introduction: A polymer in which many monosaccharide units are joined together by glycosidic linkages is known as a polysaccharide. Starch is a storage polysaccharide found in plant cells. Starch contains two different polyglucose polysaccharides: amylose and amylopectin.
(d)s
Interpretation: The validation about the amylose form of starch that all glycosidic linkages are
Concept introduction: A polymer in which many monosaccharide units are joined together by glycosidic linkages is known as a polysaccharide. Starch is a storage polysaccharide found in plant cells. Starch contains two different polyglucose polysaccharides: amylose and amylopectin.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Match the following: A. A triglyceride on hydrolysis gives, Fatty 1. Sphingosine +Carbohydrate 2. A non- B. A wax consists of, saponifiable lipid C. Phosphoglyceride consists of, Fatty acid 3. Sphingosine + Phosphoric acid+ Carbohydrate D. A sphingomyelin consists of, membered 4. A set of 3 6- And a 5-membered ring Fused together. 5. Saponifiable E. A glycolipid consists of, lipid. F. A steroid is a special type of ring system Consists of 6. Fatty acids and long Chain alcohols 7. Glycerol, G. A prostaglandin is an example of, Fatty acids+ Phosphoric acids H. Triglycerides, phospholipids and glycolarrow_forwardMelibiose is a disaccharide found in artichokes. It consists of galactose and glucose linked by an a(1→6) glycosidic bond. a. Draw the structure of melibiose. b. Is melibiose a reducing sugar? c. Compare the structures of melibiose and lactose.arrow_forwardProvide an example of each of the following lipids. For those lipids that are fatty acids indicate whether you expect your example to be a liquid or solid at room temperature and alsogive their IUPAC names .a. An -9 fatty acid b. An -7 fatty acid c. A prostaglandin d. A phytosterolarrow_forward
- Match the following sugars with their corresponding descriptions. A. Esculin J. 1. aldonitol G. rhamnose K cellobiose D. Melibiose E. saccharose C. raffinose H. trehalose F. Glucose B. Lactose Arabinose A. a pentose alcohol. B. a disaccharide consisting of glucose and galactose units linked by 3(1-4) glycosidic bond C. a trisaccharide consisting of galactose, fructose and glucose D. a disaccharide consisting of glucose and galactose units linked by a(1-6) glycosidic bond E. a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose linked by a1-32 glycosidic bond F. a monosaccharide under aldohexoses G. deoxymannose H. a disaccharide consisting of 2 glucose units linked by a(1-1) glycosidic bond I. glucoside of esculetin. J. a monosaccharide under aldopentoses K. a disaccharide consisting of 2 glucose units linked by B(1-4) glycosidic bondarrow_forwardWhich of the following shorthand names best characterizes the following disaccharide? a. Glc (β1→4)Gal b. Gal (β1→4)Glc c. Gal (α1→4)Glc d. Glc (α1→4)Galarrow_forwardFor the following lipid, answer the questions listed below. 0- HC-o (CH)),CH=CH(CH,);CH; H,C-o-c-(CH2);CH=CHCH,CH=CHỊCH,),CH, Is this lipid considered a fat or oil? a. b. How many H2 molecules would be needed to go through a complete hydrogenation reaction? Would the hydrogenated product (after hydrogenation has occurred) have a higher or lower mp than the original starting material? С.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following pairs of monosaccharides are aldoses or ketoses. a. D-altrose & D-xylose b. D-arabinose & D-glyceraldehyde c. D-erythrulose & D-psicose d. D-talose & D-gulose e. dihydroxyacetone & D-tagatose f. D-idose & D-threosearrow_forwardStrictly speaking, "Hydrates of Carbon" pertains to the specific chemical formula of most Carbohydrates which is (CH2O)n. In this regard, what instances can be identified where in this chemical formula has exemptions? a.Lactate which is considered a non-sugar following the formula. b.Acetate which a non-sugar being considered as a sugar molecule. c.Rhamnose being a 5 carbon sugar molecule. d.Lactose in its form and configuration.arrow_forwardCopper ions present in Benedict’s reagent react with the free end of any reducing sugars, such as glucose, when heated. Originally blue in color, these copper ions are reduced by the sugar and produce an orange-red colored precipitate. Alternatively, iodine-potassium iodide (IKI) may also be used when working with starch. IKI contains special tri-iodine ions which interact with the coiled structure of a starch polymer. Prior to a reaction, the IKI displays a yellow-brown color; however, after reacting with starch, a dark purple or black color is presented. The molecule pictured below produced a blue color when tested with Benedict’s reagent, a yellow color when tested with IKI, and a violet color when tested with Biuret reagent. Based on the structure shown below and these chemical results, what kind of biomolecule is this?arrow_forward
- Indicate whether each of the following statements about the structural characteristics of monosaccharides is true or false. a. Both an aldehyde group and a ketone group are always present. b. An aldehyde group and at least two hydroxyl groups must be present.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of each of the following compounds: a. a polysaccharide formed by joining D-glucosamine in 1-→6-a-glycosidic linkages b. a disaccharide formed by joining D-mannose and D-glucose in a 1-4-B-glycosidic linkage using mannose's anomeric carbon c. an a-N-glycoside formed from D-arabinose and CgH;CHNH2 d. a ribonucleoside formed from D-ribose and thyminearrow_forwardisomaltose is a disaccharide which can be obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of amylopectin. Deduce the structure of isomaltose from the following data: a. The hydrolysis of 1 mole of isomaltose with acid or alpha-glucosidase yields 2 moles of D- glucose. b. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar c. Isomaltose is oxidized with bromine water to isomaltonic acid. Insomaltonic acid methylation followed by hydrolysis yielded 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-glucose and 2,3,4,5- tetra-O-methyl-D-gluconate acid. d. Isomaltose methylation itself followed by hydrolysis to produce 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl- D-glucose and 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-glucose. Describe according to the four points abovearrow_forward
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