Chapter 23, Problem 23.59SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given IUPAC name of $\text{cis-2-Hexene}$ has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry Structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule.

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Alkenes are one of the important types of hydrocarbon which have at least one carbon-carbon double bond ($C=C$ ). According to the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry the name of an alkane ends with ene.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The functional groups are in the same side of the carbon chain is called cis isomer. The functional groups are in opposite to each other in the carbon chain is called trans isomer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given IUPAC name $\text{2-Methyl-3-hexene}$  has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry Structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule.

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Alkenes are one of the important types of hydrocarbon which have at least one carbon-carbon double bond ($C=C$ ). According to the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry the name of an alkane ends with ene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given IUPAC name $\text{2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene}$ has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry Structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule.

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

In Alkenes are one of the important types of hydrocarbon which have at least one carbon-carbon double bond ($C=C$ ). According to the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry the name of an alkane ends with ene.

Compounds with two double bonds are known as dienes.